Question Discussion & Solution

The correct answer is option-2. i.e. The mound of the dead.

• After a year of discovery of the of Harappa, the archaeological site of Mohenjo-Daro was recognized in 1922.
• Mohenjo-Daro was developed around 3,000 BCE from the prehistoric Indus culture and it was among the largest cities of the ancient Indus Valley Civilization.
• The urban planning and the unmatched civil engineering made it the most advanced and remarkably sophisticated city of its time.

• Mohenjo-Daro does mean 'Mound of the dead'. The modern name for the site has been interpreted as "Mound of the Dead Men" in Sindh interpreted as "Mound of the Dead Men" in Sindhi.

  Indus Valley Site	Importance
  Dholavira	It is the latest site which is present in Gujarat. It was divided into 3 parts, unlike other sites which had 2 parts. There exist a middle town apart from the lower town.
  Lothal	It has an artificial Brick dockyard. It has evidence of the earliest cultivation of Rice. It served as a seaport for Indus Valley People.
  Mohenjodaro	In Sindhi language, it means “mound of the dead”. It is the largest of all Indus cities. The Great Bath is also present here. Bronze dancing girl and a seal bearing Pashupati are also found here.

   

The correct answer is Fa-Hien.

Key Points

•  Fa-Hien (405-411 A.D.):
  • Fa-Hien Visited India during the reign of Chandragupta-II.
  • He was the first Chinese Buddhist monk to travel to India in search of Buddhist Scriptures.
  • He gave a detailed account of Buddhist monasteries, life, and teachings of Buddhists at that time.
  • He mentions about Untouchability that prevailed in India during that time. Hence, option 4 is correct.
  • In his memoirs, he notes that the chandalas lived outside the village and had to maintain distance from the upper castes.
  • The chandalas suffered such glaring lack of privilege that whenever they entered towns or market places they would strike a piece of wood to announce their arrival so that the others might not touch them and get polluted.

The correct option is 4 i.e. Mesopotamian.

• The seals were invented around 3500 BC in southern Mesopotamia.
• The cylindrical seals were impression stamps, which were quite intricate in design. The images depicted on these seals were mostly theme-driven, often sociological or religious.
• The stamps were known as kinship in Sumerian and murukku in Akkadian.
• Mesopotamia is located in southwest Asia in the Tigris and Euphrates river system.
• It is also known as the cradle of civilisation.
• The major rule was of Sumerians and Akkadian.

• In 1544 AD, the battle of Giri-Sumel fought between the armies of Rao Maldev and Afgan ruler Sher Shah Suri at Sumel, a Palace between Ajmer and Jodhpur.
• Trusted generals of Rao Maldev’s army name Jaita and Kumpa ware killed during this battle.
• Sher Shah Suri defeated the Rao Maldev army.
• According to Satish Chandra - Sher Shah Suri quoted remark for this battle " I had given away the country of Delhi for a handful of millets"

The correct answer is 1940.

• The Lahore Resolution was passed by the Muslim league in 1940.

Key Points

• Mohammed Ali Jinnah called the general session of the All India Muslim League in Lahore on 22-24 March 1940.
  • The Lahore Resolution, popularly described as the Pakistan Resolution was passed in this session.
  • The resolution was for the establishment of a separate homeland for the Muslims of British India.
  • Prominent figures in the session-
    • Huseyn Shaheed Suhrawardy
    • AK Fazlul Huq led the Bengal Muslim League contingent
    • Chief Ministers of Bengal and Punjab

Important Points

• The Lahore Resolution was a formal statement, which sought the creation of a separate Muslim state.
  • The political statement, written by Zafarullah Khan and other prominent members of the ‘All-India Muslim League,’ proposed the creation of an ‘independent state’ based on a predominantly Muslim population.
  • When the resolution was put forth by the then Chief Minister of undivided Bengal, A. K. Fazl ul Huq, people started using the word ‘Pakistan’ quite frequently as the Hindu leaders described the resolution as a demand to create Pakistan.
  • Hence, the ‘Lahore Resolution’ is considered a landmark document in Pakistan’s history.
  • A monument called ‘Minar-e-Pakistan’ stands in Lahore to commemorate the famous resolution.
  • March 23 is observed as a national holiday in Pakistan to celebrate Republic Day and to commemorate the Lahore Resolution.