Question Discussion & Solution

Conclusions:

I) Penalty for costlier books will be higher → can not be concluded from the given statement as there is no mention about the costlier books.

II) Penalty for lighter books will be lesser → can not be concluded from the given statement as there is no mention about the lighter books.

Hence, neither conclusion I nor II follows.

Additional Information

• If there are two or more sentences that are used to frame a statement, then, the sentences must be interrelated, and mutual contradiction should be there.
• Do not look for truthful notions. The information provided in the statement is the only requirement for a student to answer the question. No assumptions must be made.
• Read the statement carefully and look for keywords that are common between the statement and the conclusions
• If there is more than one conclusion that is applicable to the statement, students must ensure that the conclusions they opt for have some relation with each other.

The correct answer is Sirohi.

Key Points

• In the sixth phase of the formation of Rajasthan, the major part of Sirohi was merged with Rajasthan while Abu remained in Bombay.
• The integration date of the fifth phase was 26^th January 1950.
• The sixth phase is also called United Rajasthan.

​​Additional Information

• Sirohi was the last princely state of Rajasthan that had a treaty with the British.
• It was held in September 1823.
• Alwar was the first principality to pass the Wild Act in Rajasthan.
• Kota Principality (December 1817) was the Second Princely State that had a treaty with the British.
• Alwar was the part of Matsya union.
• Whereas Kota was the part of Rajasthan union.

Explanation:

• Plants that grow in the desert have to withstand long dry spells of summer and extreme weather condition
• Hence their leaves stem and roots get modified to prevent loss of excess water and to store water
• Some common adaptation seen in desert plants are:
• 'they have a long root that goes deep in search of water
• they have reduced or very few leaves
• The stem is modified to store water
• Additionally, leaves may turn into spines to protect from predators

Additional Information

• Desert Oak is a tree that is found in  Australia.
• It is found in the dry and arid regions of Australia
• It grows almost 10 ft tall
• It has very few leaves
• Its roots go very deep in search of water
• This water is stored in the tree trunk. Local people use a thin pipe to drink this water.

• Scientific Name: Allocasuarina decaisneana 

• The suspensions that hand from branches are nothing but modifies leaves in order to reduce water loss

A constitution is a statement of the basic principles and laws of a nation.

CONCEPT:

Rutherford’s Model of the Atom:

• He bombarded the beam of alpha particles on a very thin gold foil.
• While bombarding he observes the number of scattering of particles –
  • Most of the particles passed either un-deviated or with a very small deviation.
  • Some deviated by large angles
  • 1 out of 8000 was deflected by more than 90°
• The conclusion to this deflection:
  • Most of the space of an atom is empty.
  • At the centre of an atom having a tiny positively charged particle called a nucleus.
  • The centre nucleus has all the mass of an atom.
  • The amount of positive charge at the nucleus is equal to the total amount of negative charges on all the electrons of the atom.
  • All the electrons revolve around the nucleus and coulomb force provide the centripetal force

​

EXPLANATION:

• After the α -particles scattering experiment, the following conclusions were made by Rutherford as regard as atomic structure:

• Most of the mass (at least 99.95%) and all of the charge of an atom concentrated in a very small region is called the atomic nucleus. Therefore option 4 is correct.
• The nucleus consists of proton and neutron, in which proton was first discovered by Rutherford but neutrons were later discovered by James Chadwick in 1932.
• In an atom, there is maximum empty space and the electrons revolve around the nucleus in the same way as the planets revolve around the sun and the nnumber of protons and electrons inside an atom are equal under normal conditions (non-ionized).