Question Discussion & Solution

Words that can be formed using A, E, L and T are

LATE, TALE, LEAT, TEAL, TAEL, TELA

The set of given words are Almonds, Cashew, Walnuts all are dry-fruits. 

Apricot is the most similar to that set of word. Remaining Banana, Apple and Watermelon different from Apricot.

Hence, "Apricot" is the correct answer.

CONCEPT:

Nuclear reactor:

• It is a device in which a nuclear reaction is initiated, maintained, and controlled.
• It works on the principle of controlled chain reaction and provides energy at a constant rate.

EXPLANATION:

• Nuclear Fuel: It is a fissionable material to be used for the fission process to take place. Therefore option 1 is correct.
• Commonly used fuels in a nuclear reactor are U233, Enriched U235, Pu239 etc. 
• Generally, uranium oxide pellets are inserted end to end into long hollow metal tubes constituting the fuel rods.
• When slow neutrons interact with the fuel, the fission starts, and the energy is released. 

Additional Information

• The moderator's function is to slow down the fast-moving secondary neutrons produced during the fission.
  • The material of the moderator should be light and it should not absorb neutrons.
  • Usually, heavy water, graphite, deuterium, and paraffin, etc. can act as moderators.
• Controller: These are made with neutron-absorbing material such as cadmium, hafnium or boron, and are inserted or withdrawn from the core to control the rate of reaction, or to halt it. 
• Lubricant: Lubricant has shown that it is possible to produce materials capable of lubricating some reactor components.
  • In order to further the development of such lubricants, the U.K.A.E.A. and the nuclear manufacturing groups have co-operated in providing lubricant manufacturers.

The correct answer is Leaves.

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Food is stored in the leaves. Onion as a whole is a modified stem

Key Points

• Different parts of plants like roots, shoots, leaves, flowers, fruits, etc perform the function of storage of food 
• The fleshy leaves of onion are its consumable part.
• As a whole, the onion is a bulb, which is a short modified form of a stem that is surrounded by these fleshy leaves that store food for the onion shoots.

Important Points

• The stored food in onion leaves is Sugar.

Additional Information

• In plants like carrot, reddish, beetroot, sweet potato, turnip, etc. roots perform the function of food storage.
• Some plants store their food in the form of fruit. Ex- apple, guava, grapes mango, etc.
• Plants like potato, ginger, garlic, sugarcane, etc. store their food in stems.​

The disease Kala-Azar is caused by the protozoan Leishmania donovani

Leishmania donovani: 

• It is a parasitic protozoan belonging to the class Mastigophora or flagellata.
• It is a human parasite that is dimorphic (i.e. shows two forms) & digenetic in nature
• It causes the disease Kala-azar or Dumdum fever by sand fly (phelobotomus)
• The disease is spread by the bite of infected sand-fly
• It can affect the Skin (Cutaneous Leishmaniasis), the mucous membrane of the mouth, throat, and nose (Mucocutaneous Leishmaniasis), Liver, lymph nodes, spleen, and bone marrow (Visceral Leishmaniasis)
• Symptoms include: Cutaneous Leishmaniasis - Skin ulcers
• Mucocutaneous Leishmaniasis - Ulcers in mouth, throat, and nose, Nosebleed, Difficulty in breathing.
• Visceral Leishmaniasis - Weakness, weight loss, loss of appetite, enlarged spleen, liver, lymph nodes, a decrease in the production of blood cells.

Diagram showing the two different forms of Leishmania donovani