Question Discussion & Solution

The correct answer is Methane.

Key Points

• Methane (CH4)
  • It is the simplest hydrocarbon consisting of one carbon atom and four hydrogen atoms and the simplest hydrocarbon, is the most abundant hydrocarbon pollutant.
  • It is a powerful greenhouse gas.
  • Major natural sources of methane include emissions from wetlands, and oceans and from the digestive processes of termites.
  • Methane is more than 25 times as potent as carbon dioxide at trapping heat in the atmosphere.

Additional Information

• Butane is a gaseous component (at room temperature and atmospheric pressure) of the Alkane group having the chemical formula is C4H10.
• It is a colourless, highly flammable, and easily liquefied gas.
• In the abundance of oxygen, it forms Carbon dioxide, but if limited oxygen is available, then it forms Carbon Monoxide.

2C4H10 + 13O2 → 8CO2 + 10H2O                   (oxygen in plenty)

2C4H10 + 9O2 → 8CO + 10H2O                      (oxygen is limited)

• Uses –
  • Gasoline blending
  • Fuel gas
  • Fragrance extraction solvent
  • Feedstock for the manufacture of ethylene and butadiene
  • Ingredient for synthetic rubber
  • Isobutane to enhance the Octane number of gasoline in refineries.
• A propane molecule has three carbon atoms and eight hydrogen bonds and has the formula C3H8. 
• Propane is a colourless, easily liquefied, gaseous hydrocarbon (compound of carbon and hydrogen) and the third member of the paraffin series following methane and ethane.
• Propane is produced as a by-product of two other processes, natural gas processing and petroleum refining.
• It is separated in large quantities from natural gas, light crude oil, and oil-refinery gases and is commercially available as liquefied propane or as a major constituent of liquefied petroleum gas (LPG).
• Uses: 
  • It is used in LPG, also used as biofuel in buses and taxis and it is also the main gas in blowtorches and for hot air balloons.
  • Propane gas has become a popular choice for barbecues and portable stoves because its low boiling point makes it vaporize as soon as it is released from its pressurized container.
• The chemical formula of Ethane is C2H6.
• It is a colourless, odourless gas at normal temperature and pressure.
• It is extracted from natural gas on an industrial scale and is a petrochemical by-product of petroleum refining.
• Michael Faraday first synthesized it in 1834, using the electrolysis of a solution of potassium acetate.

The Correct Answer is "Cache Memory".

Important Points

Cache Memory :

• Cache Memory is a special very high-speed memory.
• It is used to speed up and synchronizing with a high-speed CPU. Cache memory is costlier than main memory or disk memory but economical than CPU registers.
• Cache memory is an extremely fast memory type that acts as a buffer between RAM and the CPU.
• It holds frequently requested data and instructions so that they are immediately available to the CPU when needed.
• Cache memory is used to reduce the average time to access data from the Main memory.

Additional Information

Secondary Memory​ :

• It is non-volatile, i.e. it retains data when power is switched off.
• It is large capacities to the tune of terabytes.
• It is cheaper as compared to the primary memory.
• Depending on whether the Secondary memory device is part of the CPU or not, there are two types of secondary memory – fixed and removable.

 Auxiliary Memory :

• Auxiliary memory is the non-volatile memory lowest-cost, highest-capacity, and slowest-access storage in a computer system.
• It is where programs and data kept for long-term storage or when not in immediate use.
• Such memories tend to occur in two types-sequential access (data must access in a linear sequence) and direct access (data may access in any sequence).
• The most common sequential storage device is the hard disk drives, whereas direct-access devices include rotating drums, disks, CD-ROMs, and DVD-ROMs.
• It used as permanent storage of data in mainframes and supercomputers.

Virtual Memo :

• A computer can address more memory than the amount physically installed on the system.
• This extra memory is actually called virtual memory and it is a section of a hard disk that's set up to emulate the computer's RAM.
• The main visible advantage of this scheme is that programs can be larger than physical memory.
• Virtual memory serves two purposes.
  • First, it allows us to extend the use of physical memory by using the disk.
  • Second, it allows us to have memory protection because each virtual address is translated to a physical address.

The correct answer is Punjab.

• Bhangra Dance is related to Punjab.

Key Points

• Bhangra is a type of traditional dance of the Indian subcontinent originating in Sialkot in the Majha area of Punjab.
• The dance was associated primarily with the spring harvest festival Baisakhi. 
• Bhangra referred both to formal male performances as well as to communal dancing among men and women.
• D.J. Rekha was one of the first South Asian women to bring popularity to Bhangra in the U.S.

Additional Information

• Garba is a type of Indian dance commonly performed at festivals and on other special occasions in the state of Gujarat.
• Kerala is popular for its two classical dance form 'Kathakali' and 'Mohiniyattam'.
• Folk dances of Assam include the Bihu, the Bagurumba, the Bhortal, the Satriya, Naga dance and the Ojapali.
• Odisha's famous dance forms include Odissi, Chhau, Gotipua, Danda Nata, Sambapuri, Dalkhai, Chaitighoda, and Medha Nacha.

The correct answer is 1878.

• Vernacular press act was passed in 1878.

Key Points

• The Vernacular Press Act, 1878 came to be known as the Gagging Act as it discriminated between the English and the Vernacular Press.
• Vernacular Press Act, in British India, the law enacted in 1878 to curtail the freedom of the Indian-language (i.e., non-English) press.
• Lord Lytton passed the Vernacular Press Act 1878.
•  He also passed the Arms Act 1878 that prohibited Indians from carrying weapons of any kind without licenses.

Additional Information

• Indian National Awakening was the prime motive of vernacular newspapers.
• The law was repealed in 1881 by Lytton’s successor, Lord Ripon.
• Provisions of the Vernacular Press Act, 1878 include :
  • The publisher had to deposit the security and in case of infringement of the provision of the act the security could be forfeited.
  • If the offence reoccurred, the press equipment could be seized.

Shark, Barracuda and Whale are types of aquatic animals but Humming is a bird.