Question Discussion & Solution

The correct answer is Mirage.

• To a distant observer, the light appears to be coming from somewhere below the ground.
• The observer naturally assumes that light is being reflected from the ground, say, by a pool of water near the tall object.
• Such inverted images of distant tall objects cause an optical illusion to the observer.
• This phenomenon is called a mirage.
•  The optical illusion which occurs mainly in the desert during hot summer is based on the principle of TIR i.e total internal reflection.
• This type of mirage is especially common in hot deserts.

Additional Information

• Total Internal Reflection (TIR): When a ray of light goes from denser to the rarer medium it bends away from the normal and as the angle of incidence in denser medium increases, the angle of refraction in the rarer medium also increases and at a certain angle, angle of refraction becomes 90°, this angle of incidence is called critical angle (C).
• When the Angle of incidence exceeds the critical angle then the light ray comes back into the same medium after reflection from the interface. This phenomenon is called Total internal reflection (TIR).
• Conditions for TIR: 
  1. The ray must travel from denser medium to rarer medium.
  2. The angle of incidence 'i' must be greater than the critical angle C.

The correct answer is Baran.

Key Points

• Shergarh Sanctuary:
  • It is located in Baran district, near Shergarh town. 
  • It was declared as a protected area in 1983.
  • This sanctuary is home to tiger, leopard, wild boar, sloth bear, chital, python, and other animals.

Additional Information

• Other Wildlife sanctuaries in Rajasthan:

Voltage is measured by Voltmeter.

Similarly,

Concept:

Newtons Third Law of Motion

• Every action has an equal and opposite reaction. Action and reaction forces act on different bodies. 

Explanation:

• Considering an example, A bullet is fired from a gun.
• The gun applies force to a bullet and the bullet applies force on the gun. 
• If we consider the gun as the only object, it gives recoil which is the reaction force applied by it on the bullet. 
• So action force is a force on bullet and reaction force is applied on the gun. 
• Both forces are not on the same object hence the action and reaction forces cannot balance each other. 

So, 'do not act on the same body.' is the correct option. 

The correct answer is Amlanand Ghosh.

Key Points

• Prof Amlanand Ghosh excavated the Kalibangan site in 1952.
• The Kalibangan civilization is supposed to older than 4000 BC.
• This Rajasthan civilization was the first metropolis state in India.
• Kalibangan lies along with the left Bank of the dried-up bed of river Ghaggar.
• The site contains both pre-Harappan and Harappan remains, and therein can be seen the transition between the two cultures.
• Although the pre-Harappan culture worked copper and produced pottery, it had no writing system, and its ruins lack the orderly layout and use of baked brick that is found in the later Harappan sites.
• The Harappan remains include a cemetery and a fortified citadel. 

Additional Information

• Ratna Chandra Agrawal: 
  • Bhinmal Civilization was first founded by Ratna Chandra Agrawal in 1953-54 AD.
  • Bhinmal civilization is founded in the Jalore District of Rajasthan.
• Ratan Lal Mishra: 
  • Ganeshwar civilization was first founded in 1977 by historian Ratan Lal Mishra.
  • This Ganeshwar civilization is more than 4000 years old and the estimated time period was 2500 – 2000 BC.