Question Discussion & Solution

The correct answer is Sri Gupta.

• Sri Gupta established the Gupta dynasty.

Key Points

• In Ancient India, the Gupta Dynasty ruled the mid-to-late 3rd century (approximately) to 543 AD.
• Founded by Sri Gupta, the dynasty rose to fame with rulers like Chandragupta-I, Samudragupta.
• The Murundas ruled for only 25 - 30 years.
• Around the last decade of the 3rd century CE (about  275 CE), the dynasty of the Guptas came to power.
• The Gupta empire established its control over a good part of the former dominions of both the Kushanas and the Satavahanas.
• The Guptas (possibly Vaishyas) kept northern India politically united for more than a century (335 CE- 455 CE).
• The Gupta period in ancient India is referred to as the “Golden Age” because of the numerous achievements in the field of arts, literature, science, and technology. It also brought about the political unification of the subcontinent.

​Additional Information

• Sri Gupta
  • ​Founder of the Gupta Dynasty.
  • Reign from 240 CE to 280 CE.
  • Used the title of Maharaja.
• Chandragupta I
  • ​Reigned from 319 CE to 335/336 CE
  • Started the Gupta Era
  • He assumed the title of Maharajadhiraja.
  • Married Lichchavi princess Kumaradevi
• ​Samudragupta
  • ​Called ‘Napolean of India’ by V.A. Smith (Irish Indologist and Art Historian)
  • His campaigns are mentioned in the Eran inscription (Madhya Pradesh)
• ​​Chandragupta II
  • ​Navratnas (9 Gems in his Court)
  • Took the title Vikramaditya
• ​​Kumaragupta I
  • ​Founded Nalanda University
  • He was also called Shakraditya
• ​Vishnugupta
  • ​Last known ruler of the Gupta Dynasty.

The correct answer is Jai Prakash Narayan.

Key Points

• Jai Prakash Narayan:
  • Jayaprakash Narayan, generally referred to as JP or Lok Nayak, was an Indian independence activist, revolutionist, theorist, socialist and political leader.
  • He is better known as the "Hero of Quit India Movement" and he is memorized for leading the mid-1970s opposition against Prime Minister Indira Gandhi, for whose overthrow he had called for a "total revolution".
  • His biography, Jayaprakash, was authored by his nationalist friend and the writer of Hindi literature, Rambriksh Benipuri.
  • In 1999, he was posthumously awarded the Bharat Ratna, India's highest civilian award, in the esteem of his social work.
  • Other awards awarded to him were the Magsaysay award for Public Service in 1965.

Additional Information

• Rajendra Prasad:
  • He was the 1st President of Independent India.
  • He joined the organisation in 1911 and a few years later, he met Mahatma Gandhi.
  • He participated in the non-cooperation movement in 1920.
  • He took an active part in the rehabilitation work after the 1914 floods and the 1934 earthquake in Bihar.
  • Dr Prasad became the Congress president in 1934 at its Bombay session.
  • He was chosen president once again in 1939.
  • He spent almost 3 years in jail after the Quit India Movement.
• Braj Kishore:
  • Brajkishore Prasad was a lawyer inspired by Mohandas Gandhi during the Indian Independence Movement.
  • He was instrumental in Gandhi taking up the Champaran and Kheda Satyagraha, in which Gandhi handpicked Rajendra Prasad and Anugrah Narayan Sinha along with him to successfully lead the movement.
  • Gandhi was so impressed by Prasad's dedication that he set aside a full chapter on him in his autobiographical book, The Story of My Experiments with Truth, called "The Gentle Bihari".
• Sri Krishna Sinha:
  • He was the 1st Chief Minister of Bihar.
  • He was known as “Babu Kesari” for his lionlike roars when he rose to address the masses.
  • His close friend and prominent Gandhian, Dr Anugrah Narayan Singh wrote an essay for him titled “Mere Shri Babu”.
  • He wrote –  “ Since 1921, the history of Bihar has been the history of life”.

• The book “Arthashashtra” is based on the ‘Political thoughts Military Strategy, Economic Policy of Kautilya’.
• It was a book written by Kautilya, also known as Chanakya.
• It was written in Sanskrit language and deals with matters like state affairs, economic policy, and military strategy.

The correct answer is Lakha Singh.

• Rao Lakha Singh was one of the most successful Maharanas.
• He extended his dominions by the subjugation of Merwara and the destruction of its chief stronghold, Beratgarh, on the ruins of which he founded Badnore.
• It was in this time that the tins and silver Mines of Jawar were discovered in the country conquered from the Bhils by his father.
• He rebuilt the palaces and temples destroyed by Alauddin Khalji, excavated reservoirs and lakes, raised immense ramparts to dam their waters, and constructed a number of forts.

​Additional Information

• Rana Kumbha:
  • ​Rana Kumbha after consolidating his rule started a campaign to conquer the neighbouring states.
  • He conquered Sambhar, Ajmer and Ranthambore amongst other regions.
  • He also subjugated the Rajput states of Dungarpur, Bundi and Kotah.
  • These states had previously paid tribute to the Sultans of Malwa and Gujarat resulting in hostilities between Mewar and the Sultans.
  • Kumbha would further interfere in the politics of Nagaur finally resulting in an all-out war between Mewar and the Sultanates

The correct answer is Bombay.

Key Points

• The Indian National Congress (INC) was founded by Allan Octavian Hume on 28th December 1885.
• The first session of INC was held in Bombay at Gokuldas Tejpal Sanskrit Collegeram.
• The first President of the INC session held in Bombay was Womesh Chandra Banerjee.
• 72 delegates attended the session.
• The important leaders during the foundation of INC were Dadabhai Naoroji, Badruddin Tyyabji, Anand Mohan Bose, R.C Dutt, Pherozshah Mehta, G.K Gokhale, G. Subramaniyam Aiyyar, Dinshaw Vacha, Bal Gangadhar Tilak, Mahadev Govind Ranade, Madan Mohan Malviya, etc.
• Formerly Indian National Congress was known as Indian National Union.
• The INC was formed during the tenure of Lord Dufferin (Viceroy of India from 1884-1888).