Question Discussion & Solution

The correct answer is 3, 4, 2, 1.

Key Points

• The correct chronological order of the above events is 3, 4, 2, 1.
• Khilafat movement was a pan-Islamic movement in India that happened from 1919 to 1924 also known as the Indian Muslim movement.
• The leaders of the Khilafat movement were Shaukat Ali, Maulana Mohammad Ali Jauhar, Hakim Ajmal Khan, and Abul Kalam Azad.
• The Lahore Resolution, also known as the Pakistan Resolution, was passed on 22–24 March 1940.

Additional Information

• Cripps Mission was sent by the British Government in March 1942 to India with the key objective to secure Indian cooperation and support for British War Efforts.
• The Cripps mission was headed by Sir Stafford Cripps.
•  A three-member Cabinet Mission visited India in March 1946 headed by Lord Pethick Lawrence.
• The Cripps Mission was sent by the British government to India in March 1942 to obtain Indian cooperation for the British war efforts in the 2nd World War.
• It was headed by Sir Richard Stafford Cripps, a labour minister in Winston Churchill’s coalition government in Britain.
• Gandhi Ji described Cripps’ offer of dominion status as, “a post-dated cheque drawn on a crashing bank”.
• The Cripps Mission was a failure as it failed to give confidence to Congress about Britain’s intentions (which were not sincere in any case). Neither did the Indian leadership offer support to Britain’s war effort.
• In the same year, Congress started the Quit India Movement in the wake of the mission’s failure.
• Mumbai’s Gowalia Tank Maidan also known as August Kranti Maidan is the place where the quit India movement was launched by Mahatma Gandhi. He along with other leaders gathered here on August 8 and 9, 1942.

• The Khilafat Movement (1919):
• It brought the Muslims & the Hindus on a common platform against the British administration.
• It was one of the most important causes of the Non - Cooperation Movement. 
• The Indian Muslims regarded the Sultan of Turkey as the Caliph.
• Causes that agitated Indian Muslims & forced them to launch the movement are the following:
  • The defeat of Ottoman Turkey (German Ally) & its dissection by Britishers in World War I.
  • Harsh terms of the Treaty of Sevres (1920) on Turkey.
  • Revolts instigated by Britishers in Arab.
• M.A Ansari demanded the restoration of the Arab lands to Calipha in the Muslim League's Annual Session of 1918.
  • It got support from Congress.
• In May 1919, the All India Khilafat Conference was formed in Bombay.
• All Indi Khilafat Committee was set up in September 1919 at Lucknow.
  • President: Seth Chhotani.
  • Secretary: Shaukat Ali.
• Mohammed Ali, Maulana Shaukat Ali, Maulana Azad, Hakim Ajmal Khan & Hasrat Mohani were the leaders of the Khilafat Movement.
• The All - India Khilafat Conference held in November 1919 in Delhi decided to withdraw all government cooperation if the government did not meet its demands.
• Mahatma Gandhi strongly advocated the Khilafat cause.
  • He was elected as the President of the All India Khilafat Conference in November 1919.
• The Central Khilafat Committee meeting at Allahabad in June 1920 declared the programme of Non-Cooperation.

Lahore Resolution:

• The resolution for the establishment of a separate homeland for the Muslims of British India passed in the annual session of the All India Muslim League held in Lahore on 22–24 March 1940 is a landmark document of Pakistan's history.
•  It is a landmark document in the history of Pakistan.

Cabinet Mission Plan:

• This desire for Indian unity was symbolized by the Cabinet Mission, which arrived in New Delhi on 24 March 1946, sent by the British government, in which the subject was the form of a post-independent India.

Nedeon was not related to Sangam State Chera.

• Sangam period (from 3rd century BC to 3rd century AD) is the phase of history which existed in ancient Tamil Nadu and Kerala.
• Udiyanjeral (or UthiyanCheralatan) was the first recorded Chera ruler of the Sangam period in ancient South India.
• He was succeeded by his son, NedumCheralathan, or NedunjeralAthan
• Nedunjaral, or Nedum, born to Udiyanjeral, was a powerful ruler who ruled the kingdom for 58 years as a Crown Prince first and then as an absolute king.
• The Cherasruled over an area including north Travancore, Cochin and South Malabar.
• The Chera Capital was located at Vanji. 

The correct answer is Simuka.

Key Points

• The founder of the Satavahana dynasty was Simuka.
• The Satavahanas established their independent rule after the decline of the Mauryas.
• Satavahanas ruled over parts of western and central India.
• They were also known as the Andhras.
• The Puranas and inscriptions remain important sources for the history of Satavahanas.
• Important inscriptions:
  • The Nasik and Nanaghad inscriptions throw much light on the reign of Gautamiputra Satakarni. 
• Satvahana rulers worshipped a large number of Vaishnava gods such as Krishna, Vasudeva, and others.
• The official language of the Satavahanas was Prakrit.

Additional Information

• Gautamiputra Satakarni:
  • He was the greatest ruler of the Satavahana dynasty.
  • He took his name after his mother.
  • He ruled for a period of 24 years from 106 to 130 A.D.
• Hala:
  • ​He was the 17th King of the Satavahana dynasty.
  • He wrote books on Gathasaptasati and Sattasai.
• Vasudeva:
  • ​The founder of the Kanva dynasty
  • He assassinated the last ruler of the Sunga dynasty.

The correct answer is 2 and 3 only.

Key Points

• Battle of Haldighati was fought in 1576 between Maharana Pratap and nd the Mughal emperor Akbar's forces, led by Man Singh I of Amber. Hence 2 is correct.
  • In this war, Maharana Pratap mainly got the support of the Bhil tribe.
  • This battle was one of the shortest in Indian history, lasting only four hours.
  • It is said that after the Battle of Haldighat, Rana Pratap continued to attack the Mughals with guerrilla warfare techniques.
  • He stayed in the hills and from there harassed the large Mughal army in the camps.
  • He ensured that the Mughal soldiers would never live in peace in Mewar.
• The Battle of Dewair 1582 was fought between Maharana Pratap and Mughal officer Sultan Khan. Hence 3 is correct.
  • Maharana Pratap attacked the Mughal fortification of Dewair which was led by the Mughal officer Sultan Khan.
  • Maharana Pratap's son Amar Singh killed Sultan Khan and the Mughal army was forced to give up Dewair and retreat.
  • 32000 Mughal army surrendered to Maharana Pratap.
  • After the Battle of Dewair, Maharana Pratap continued his campaign and by 1586 AD had regained most of Mewar other than Chittor, Ajmer, and Mandalgarh. 
• The Battle of Khanwa was a decisive engagement between the Mughal forces under Babur and the Rajput alliance under Rana Sanga of Mewar. Hence 1 is incorrect
  • The battle was fought on 16 March 1527.
  • It ended in a decisive victory for the Mughal forces and would consolidate Babur and his descendants’ rule for centuries to come.

The correct answer is Kota.

• At the time of the formation of Rajasthan, in the second phase, Kota was the capital of the Union.

• Formation of Rajasthan​

• Formation of Rajasthan
  • The state was formed on 30 March 1949 when Rajputana – the name adopted by the British Raj for its dependencies in the region was merged into the Dominion of India.
  • Its capital and largest city is Jaipur.