Mix Questions

The generalised anxiety disorder (GAD) was earlier known by the name anxiety neurosis or anxiety states. The disorder is more commonly seen in primary care settings or in internal medicine clinics rather than in psychiatric practice.

• GAD is characterized by unrealistic and/ or excessive anxiety which is generalized and persistent, present all the time and is not restricted to certain situations or exposure to certain objects. The disorder has a prevalence of 2-5 per cent and is twice more common in females as compared with males. Onset is usually in the 20s, although persons of any age can be affected.
• Only one-third of patients who have GAD seek psychiatric help. Many go to the general practitioners, internists and cardiologists.
• Symptoms in GAD may sometimes occur in the background of chronic environmental stress. Many times, the illness runs a chronic and fluctuating course, but the response to treatment is good. Mild depressive symptoms are often an associated feature.

Hence, it is clear that GAD stands for Generalized Anxiety Disorder.

Learning disability refers to a neurological disorder that causes cognitive impairment. Dyslexia, dysgraphia, dyscalculia, etc are the most common learning disability.

Key Points

Dysgraphia refers to a learning disability which:

• affects learners' ability to write coherently. 
• hinders in organizing letters, numbers, or words on papers.
• leads to problems with poor spelling, impaired handwriting, etc.

Remedies useful for treating students with Dysgraphia:

• giving extra time for writing assessment, will reduce the copying activity and will emphasize the importance of writing original answers. 
• dividing tasks into small steps will enable the learners to assimilate the idea easily and will help them in putting their thoughts on paper.
• providing low-stress opportunities will allow the learners to learn and write at their own pace and to foster their own strategy of learning and writing.

Hence, it could be concluded that A person with 'Dysgraphia' disease has problems in writing and/or drawing.

 Additional Information

Other Disabilities in Brief:

Learning disability refers to the neurological disorder that causes cognitive impairment. Dyslexia (inability to read), dysgraphia (inability to write), dyscalculia (inability to calculate), etc are examples of learning disabilities. 

Key Points

• Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD): It is a type of developmental or behavioural disorder whose essential feature is a persistent pattern of inattention, hyperactivity and impulsivity that is more frequent and severe than is typically observed in individuals at a comparable level of development.

Typical Behaviours Associated with ADHD are:

• Poorly sustained attention in all situations
• Diminished persistence in tasks not having immediate consequences
• Impulsivity
• More active or restless than normal children
• Difficulty in adhering to the rules and regulations

Hence, from the above-mentioned points, it becomes clear that the full form of ADHD is Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder.

Inclusive Education can be defined as an approach that seeks to address the learning needs of all children, adults, and youth with a specific focus on those who were vulnerable to marginalization and exclusion. All children, irrespective of their caste, creed, religion, disability have the fundamental right to education as they are the future citizens of India.

Key Points

Purpose of Inclusive Education Classroom-

• To provide a positive climate and promote a sense of belonging.
• To provide sufficient levels of support and applying student-centered teaching practices and principles.
• To enable each student to fully participate in the learning environment that is designed for all students.
• To ensure the progress of students towards approximate personal social-emotional and academic goals.

So, education is compulsory for children with disabilities because it is their fundamental constitutional right.

Inclusive Education means education for all children in school. It refers to the inclusion of all children in the education system, regardless of their differences and disabilities.

• Hearing impairment refers to hearing loss that prevents a person from totally receiving sounds through the ear. If the loss is mild, the person has difficulty hearing faint or distant speech.

Key Points

If a teacher has a 'hearing impaired' child in her middle school class. She needs to make the child sit at a place from where she can see the teacher's lips and facial expressions clearly. 

Strategies for teaching Hearing Impaired child

• It is not possible to establish enough special schools to accommodate every hearing impaired\child. The other alternative is to use the already existing infrastructure in the general stream and integrate the hearing impaired children into the mainstream of education.
• Generally, hearing impaired children are as intelligent as children with normal hearing. Given timely help, these children can get successfully integrated into the educational system. 
• Children with hearing impairment find it difficult to have focussed listening for every word which is spoken. Children with hearing impairment find it difficult to have focussed listening for every word which is spoken. 
• Children are often comfortable with signs, and to facilitate them to understand the message, one may use signs freely. Once the child has understood the word or sentence, you may not need to use signs. Do encourage your child to speak words. You may repeat the word.

We can conclude that teacher can make the child sit at a place from where she can see the teacher's lips and facial expressions clearly.