Knowledge of crime against Women and Children Questions

The correct answer is Punishment of imprisonment which may extend to ten years and shall also be liable to fine.

• Under Section 366B, the importation of girls from a foreign country Punishment of imprisonment which may extend to ten years and shall be liable to fine. 

​ Important Points

• Section 366B - 
  • ​Whoever imports into India from any country outside India or from the State of Jammu and Kashmir any girl under the age of twenty-one years with the intent that she may be, or knowing it to be likely that she will be, forced or seduced to illicit intercourse with another person, shall be punishable with imprisonment which may extend to ten years, and shall also be liable to fine.
  • It is a Non-bailable crime that is triable by a Court of Session and it is a cognizable offence.

The correct answer is All of the above.

Key Points

• Indecent Representation of Women (Prohibition) Act, (IRWA) was enacted in 1980.
• Provisions of the Indecent Representation of Women (Prohibition) Act, 1986:
  • The Act prohibits indecent representation of women through advertisements or in publications, writings, paintings, figures, or in any other manner.
  • Any person who contravenes to the provisions of the act is punishable with imprisonment for a term which may extend to two years on first conviction and in the event of subsequent conviction, the imprisonment may extend to five years.

Additional Information

• Union Cabinet approves amendments in the "Indecent Representation of Women (Prohibition) Act, 1986" 
• Major amendments proposed are as follows:
  • Broaden the scope of the law to cover the audio-visual media and material in electronic form.
  • Penalties to be enhanced to a maximum of 3 years of imprisonment and fine of Rs.50,000 to Rs.1,00,000 for a first conviction, and imprisonment of not less than 2 years, but which may extend to 7 years, and a fine b/w Rs.1,00,000 to Rs.5,00,000 for a second conviction.
  • Police officers not below the rank of Inspectors authorized to carry out search and seizure, in addition to State and Central Government officers authorized by the State or Central Government.

The correct answer is 1999.

• One of the basic aims of the Rajasthan State Commission for Women (RSCW) is to bring marginalized women into the mainstream.
• RSCW was set up a statutory body on May 15, 1999 under The Rajasthan State Commission for Women Act, 1999.

Key Points

• Objectives:
  • To redress the grievances of the suffering women across the State of Rajasthan.
  • To safeguard the interests of women across the State.
  • To review prevailing laws concerning women and to request the government to make amendments for women to get justice.
  • To recommend remedial legislative measures.
  • To advise the Government of Rajasthan on all Policy matters affecting women.
  • Detailed functions of the Rajasthan State Commission for Women are elaborated under Section 11 of the RSCW Act, 1999.

Additional Information

• A brief of these functions is provided below:
  • Functions of RSCW:
    • To investigate and analyse all unjustified acts committed against women and to request the government to take action.
    • To take steps to make the existing laws more effective and ensure their implementation.
    • To review existing laws and recommend amendments.
    • To prevent any discrimination against women in state public services and state public enterprises.
    • To take steps to alleviate the condition of women by suggesting practical welfare schemes, appealing to the government to provide equal opportunities.
    • Appealing to the government to take strict action against any public servant found by the commission to be working against the interests of women.
    • To submit Annual/ Special Reports to Govt. with its recommendations.

The correct answer is Punishment shall not be less than seven years, but which may extend to ten years, and shall also be liable to fine.

• Under Section 370, whoever commits the offence of trafficking shall be punished with rigorous imprisonment for a term which shall not be less than seven years, but which may extend to ten years, and shall also be liable to fine.

​ Important Points

•  Section 370 -
  • ​Trafficking means whoever, for the purpose of exploitation, a. recruits b. transports c.harbours, d.transfers, or e. receives, a person or persons, by-
    • ​using threats,
    • using force, or any other form of coercion,
    • by abduction,
    • by practising fraud, or deception,
    • by abuse of power,
    • by inducement, including the giving or receiving of payments or benefits, in order to achieve the consent of any person having control over the person recruited, harboured, transported, transferred, or received, commits the offence of trafficking. 
• The expression "exploitation" shall include any act of physical exploitation or any form of sexual exploitation or practices similar to slavery, servitude, or the forced removal of organs.
• The consent of the victim is immaterial in the determination of the offence of trafficking.

The correct answer is Article 14, 15, and 21.

• Sexual harassment results in a violation of the fundamental rights of a woman to equality under article 14 and 15 of the constitution of India and her right to life and to live with dignity under Article 21of the constitution and right to practise any profession or to carry on any occupation, trade, or business with includes a right to a safe environment free from sexual harassment.
• It extends to the whole of India.

 Additional Information

• Sexual Harassment:-
  • ​A man committing any of the facts -
    • ​Physical contact and advances involving unwelcome and explicit sexual overtures.
    • a demand or request for sexual favours.
    • showing pornography against the will of a woman.
    • making sexually coloured remarks shall be guilty of the offence of sexual harassment

• The term Domestic Violence was clearly defined for the first time in India in 2005 with the enactment of Protection of Women from Domestic Violence Act, 2005.
• Until then domestic violence was seen only in terms of physical between spouses.
• But, this act has given a much wider explanation of this term.
•  As per section 3, domestic violence includes: 
  • Physical abuse/torture.
  • Mental abuses.
  • Verbal abuses.
  • Sexual abuses.
  • Economical abuses.

The correct answer is Cognizable and Non-Bailable.

• Section 15 of the Prohibition of Child Marriage Act, 2006 declares that every punishable offence under this act shall be cognizable and non-bailable.

Additional Information

• Cognizable offence means where police can arrest the accused without a warrant of arrest.
• Non- bailable offence means where accused cannot claim bail as a matter of right rather he has to prove additional grounds in front of the court that he shall not be interfering in the investigation process, or there shall be no harm to the victim from his side while he is out on bail or he shall be available for questioning as and when required.

The correct answer is Domestic violence.

• It is an Act of the Parliament of India enacted to protect women from domestic violence.
• It was brought into force by the Indian government on 26 October 2006.
• The Act provides for the first time in Indian law a definition of domestic violence, with this definition being broad and including not only physical violence, but also other forms of violence such as emotional/verbal, sexual, and economic abuse.
• It is a civil law meant primarily for protection orders and not meant to be enforced criminally.
• In October 2016, the Supreme Court has made a verdict to delete the words “adult male” before the word ‘person’ in Section 2(q) of the Act making it gender-neutral.

Important Points

• Salient features of Protection of Women from Domestic Violence Act 2005:
  • Includes physical and mental ill-treatment.
  • Primarily meant for the protection of wife or female live-in partners.
  • Law also extends to sisters, widows, or mothers.
  • Harassment in the form of dowry demands also included in this law.
  • Gives women the right to secure housing.
  • The court can also issue protection orders that prevent the abuser to harass the women by acts at her workplace.
  • The act proposes the appointment of protection officers and NGOs.
  • A breach of a protection order is a non-bailable offence. 

The correct answer is Adult franchise.

Key Points 

• Adult Franchise means all adult citizens of the country should have the right to vote without any discrimination of class, caste, religion, or gender.
• Article 326 defines a universal adult franchise as the basis for elections to all levels of the elected government.
• In a democracy, a universal adult franchise is important, as it is based on the idea of equality.

Additional Information

• Child Marriage:
  • It is defined as a marriage of a girl or boy before the age of 18 and refers to both formal marriages and informal unions in which children under the age of 18 live with a partner as if married.
  • Child marriage affects both girls and boys, but it affects girls disproportionately, especially in South Asia.
• Dowry system:
  • It refers to the durable goods, cash, and real or movable property that the bride's family gives to the bridegroom, his parents, and his relatives as a condition of the marriage.
• Untouchability:
  • It is the practice of ostracising a minority group by segregating them from the mainstream by social custom or legal mandate.
  • The term is most commonly associated with the treatment of the Dalit communities in the Indian subcontinent who were considered "polluting".

The correct answer is Minimum of 5 years and a fine more than ₹15,000 or the value of the dowry received, whichever is higher.

• This legislation provides for a penalty in section 3 if any person gives, takes or abets giving or receiving of dowry.
• The punishment could be imprisonment for a minimum of 5 years and a fine more than ₹15,000 or the value of the dowry received, whichever is higher.

• The Dowry Prohibition Act, 1961 consolidated the anti-dowry laws which had been passed on certain states.
• This Act may be called the Dowry Prohibition Act, 1961.
• It extends to the whole of India except the State of Jammu and Kashmir.
• It shall come into force on such date as the Central Government may, by notification in the Official Gazette, appoint.