Question Discussion & Solution

• IPC Section 376 A Whoever commits an offense rape(under section 376) and in the course of such commission inflicts an injury which causes the death of the woman or causes the woman to be in a persistent vegetative state.

• Law/Act	Description
  IPC Section 376	Whoever commits rape, shall be punished with rigorous imprisonment of either description for a term which shall not be less than ten years, but which may extend to imprisonment for life, and shall also be liable to fine. Whoever being a police officer, public servant, member of the armed forces, the management or on the staff of a jail, the management or on the staff of a hospital, being a relative, guardian or teacher of, or a person in a position of trust or authority towards the woman, commits rape shall be punished with rigorous imprisonment for a term which shall not be less than ten years, but which may extend to imprisonment for life, which shall mean imprisonment for the remainder of that person’s natural life, and shall also be liable to fine. Whoever commits rape on a woman under sixteen years of age shall be punished with rigorous imprisonment for a term which shall not be less than twenty years, but which may extend to imprisonment for life, which shall mean imprisonment for the remainder of that person’s natural life, and shall also be liable to fine
  IPC Section 376 A	Whoever commits an offense punishable under sub-section (1) or sub-section (2) of section 376 and in the course of such commission inflicts an injury which causes the death of the woman or causes the woman to be in a persistent vegetative state, shall be punished with rigorous imprisonment for a term which shall not be less than twenty years, but which may extend to imprisonment for life, which shall mean imprisonment for the remainder of that person’s natural life, or with death.
  IPC Section 376 B	Whoever has sexual intercourse with his own wife, who is living separately, whether under a decree of separation or otherwise, without her consent, shall be punished with imprisonment of either description for a term which shall not be less than two years but which may extend to seven years, and shall also be liable to fine.
  IPC Section 376 C	Whoever is in a position of authority or in a fiduciary relationship; or a public servant; or superintendent or manager of a jail, remand home or another place of custody established by or under any law for the time being in force, or a women’s or children’s institution; or on the management of a hospital or being on the staff of a hospital, abuses such position or fiduciary relationship to induce or seduce any woman either in his custody or under his charge or present in the premises to have sexual intercourse with him, such sexual intercourse not amounting to the offence of rape, shall be punished with rigorous imprisonment of either description for a term which shall not be less than 5 years, but which may extend to ten years, and shall also be liable to fine.
  IPC Section 376 D	Where a woman is raped by one or more persons constituting a group or acting in furtherance of a common intention, each of those persons1 shall be deemed to have committed the offence of rape and shall be punished with rigorous imprisonment for a term which shall not be less than twenty years, but which may extend to life which shall mean imprisonment for the remainder of that person’s natural life, and with fine
  IPC Section 376 E	Whoever has been previously convicted of an offense punishable under section 376 or section 376A or section1 376AB or section 376D or section 376DA or section 376DB and is subsequently convicted of an offense punishable under any of the said sections shall be punished with imprisonment for life which shall mean imprisonment for the remainder of that person’s natural life, or with death.

UPDATE -  the number of wetlands in India has increased to 42.

Key Points

The Ramsar Convention:

• Ramsar Convention, 1971: on Wetlands of International Importance especially as Waterfowl Habitat is an international treaty for the conservation and sustainable use of wetlands
• The Convention on Wetlands is an intergovernmental treaty that provides the framework for the conservation and wise use of wetlands and their resources.
• The Convention was adopted in the Iranian city of Ramsar in 1971 and came into force in 1975. Since then, almost 90% of UN member states, from all the world’s geographic regions, have acceded to become “Contracting Parties”.
• India is a party to the Ramsar Convention. India signed under it on 1st February 1982.
• Chilika Lake (Orissa) and Keoladeo National Park (Rajasthan) were recognized as the first Ramsar Sites of India
• Sundarbans is the largest Ramsar Site of India
• On 2nd February 2021, India’s first Centre for Wetland Conservation and Management has been set up in Chennai.
• There are 42 wetlands in India that have international importance and hence recognized as the Ramsar Sites in India. Ramsar Sites are wetlands that have international importance.

Three Pillars:

• ​Under the “three pillars” of the Convention, the Contracting Parties commit to:
  • work towards the wise use of all their wetlands;
  • designate suitable wetlands for the list of Wetlands of International Importance (the “Ramsar List”) and ensure their effective management;
  • cooperate internationally on transboundary wetlands, shared wetland systems, and shared species.

The Montreux record:

• The Montreux Record is a register of wetland sites on the List of Wetlands of International Importance where changes in ecological character have occurred, are occurring, or are likely to occur as a result of technological developments, pollution, or other human interference.
• It is maintained as part of the Ramsar List.

The pattern followed here is:

Similarly,

Hence, AHPSXMZD is the correct answer.

The correct answer is 10.4%.

• Rajasthan is spread over approximately 10.4%  .
  • The state covers an area of 342,239 square kilometres.

​Additional Information

• Geography of Rajasthan
  • It is the largest Indian state by area and the seventh-largest by population.
  • Rajasthan is located on the northwestern side of India, where it comprises most of the wide and inhospitable Thar Desert (also known as the "Great Indian Desert") and shares a border with the Pakistani provinces of Punjab to the northwest and Sindh to the west, along the Sutlej-Indus river valley.
  • It is bordered by five other Indian states: Punjab to the north; Haryana and Uttar Pradesh to the northeast; Madhya Pradesh to the southeast; and Gujarat to the southwest.
  • Its geographical location is 23.3 to 30.12 North latitude and 69.30 to 78.17 East longitude.
  • The Tropic of Cancer passes through the southernmost tip of the state.

The correct answer is Lead and Tin.

Key Points

• Soldering is the process of joining two metal objects together by a third soft metal alloy which is called solder.
• Solder is a metal alloy that melts at a lower temperature than the metals being soldered.
• A commonly used alloy is solder, which is an alloy of tin (Sn) and lead (Pb).
• The alloy of tin-lead solder is a mixture of 63% tin and 37% lead. 63/37 solder melts at 183°C.
• So, Alloy of tin (Sn) and lead (Pb) is used for welding electrical wire together.

Additional Information

• Element Tin (Sn) belongs to Group 14 of the periodic table.
  • Atomic Number - 50
  • Atomic Mass  - 118.710 amu.
• Element Lead (Pb) belongs to Group 14.
  • Atomic Number - 82
  • Atomic Mass - 207.2 amu.