Question Discussion & Solution

The correct answer is .HTM or .HTML.

Key Points

• Web pages use .HTM or .HTML file extensions.
  • A file extension or file name extension is the ending of a file that helps identify the type of file in operating systems.
  • In Microsoft Windows, the file name extension is a period that is often followed by three characters but may also be one, two, or four characters long.
  • A filename extension is often between one and three characters and is always at the end of the file name, starting with a period.

Additional Information

• A JPG file is an image saved in a compressed image format standardized by the Joint Photographic Experts Group (JPEG).
  • It is commonly used for storing digital photos and used by most digital cameras to save images.
  • JPG files are among the most common image files, along with .PNG, TIF, and .GIF.
• A DOC file is a word processing document created by Microsoft Word.
  • It may contain formatted text, images, tables, graphs, charts, page formatting, and print settings.
  • DOC files are created to save various documents, including letters, resumes, essays, and invitations.
• A JS file is a text file containing JavaScript code that is used to execute JavaScript instructions on web pages.
  • It may include functions that open and close windows, validate form fields, enable rollover images, or create dropdown menus.
  • JS files are referenced by web pages that incorporate JavaScript functions.

The correct answer is Gigahertz.

Key Points

• The speed of the CPU is measured in Gigahertz.
  • A central processing unit or CPU enables your computer to interact with all of the applications and installed programmes.
  • CPU interprets the program’s instructions and creates the output that is the interface.
  • The performance of the CPU has a major effect on the speed at which programs run.
  • Clock speed (also “clock rate” or “frequency”) is an important attribute to measure the performance of a processor. 
  • A higher clock speed means a faster CPU.  
  • The CPU processes many instructions from different programs every second.
  • The clock speed measures the number of cycles the CPU executes per second.
    • ​It is measured in GHz (gigahertz).
  • A “cycle” is technically a pulse synchronized by an internal oscillator.
  • During each cycle, billions of transistors within the processor open and close.
  • A CPU with a clock speed of 3.2 GHz executes 3.2 billion cycles per second.  

The correct answer is Super Computer.

Key Points

• Supercomputers were introduced in the 1960s as the world's most advanced computer.
• A supercomputer is a powerful computer that can process a large amount of data and computation very quickly.
• Supercomputers perform immense amounts of mathematical calculations.
• Super Computers are also known as Number Crunching.
• Supercomputers are used for areas related to:
  • Science
  • Engineering
  • Education
  • Defense
  • Aerospace
• Supercomputers are useful for applications involving very large databases or that require a great amount of computation.
• Supercomputers are used for complex tasks, such as:
  • Weather forecasting
  • Climate research
  • Scientific simulation
  • Oil and gas exploration
  • Quantum mechanics
  • Cryptanalysis

​Important Points

• The First Cray-1 supercomputer was installed at Los Alamos National Laboratory in 1972.
• Param Shivay, the first supercomputer assembled indigenously in India, was installed in IIT (BHU).
• Fugaku (Japan) Jointly developed by RIKEN and Fujitsu, is the fastest supercomputer in the world.
• PARAM-Siddhi AI is the fastest supercomputer in India.

Additional Information 

The correct answer is Trap doors.

The Trap doors are code that recognizes some special sequence of input or is triggered by being run from a certain user ID by an unlikely sequence of events.

Key Points

• Trap Door:
  • A trap door is a secret entry point into a program that allows anyone to gain access to any system without going through the usual security access procedures.
  • It is a method of bypassing normal authentication methods.
  • Hence it is also known as a back door.
  • It is used by the Programmers to debug and test programs. 
  • It can become a threat when any dishonest programmers gain illegal access. 

Additional Information

• A standalone malicious program that may give full control of an infected PC to another PC is called Trojan horse.
• A logic bomb is a small code that is intentionally inserted into a software system and will set off a malicious function when specified conditions are met. 
• A virus is a computer program that can change and replicates itself by modifying other computer programs and inserting its own code. 

The correct answer is Ctrl + B.

Key Points

• Ctrl + B is the shortcut key to make the selected letters bold or unbold.
• Important Shortcut keys used in MS Word:
  • Cut the selected content to the Clipboard - Ctrl+X
  • Copy the selected content to the Clipboard - Ctrl+C
  • Paste the contents of the Clipboard -Ctrl+V
  • Increase the font size by 1 point.- Ctrl+]
  • Center the text - Ctrl+E.
  • Align the text to the left - Ctrl+L