Question Discussion & Solution

Concept:

​Simple Pendulum:

• A simple pendulum consists of a small metallic ball or a piece of stone suspended from a rigid stand by a thread.
  The metallic ball is called Bob.
• A pendulum swings from one extreme position to another and comes back to the same position, this completes one oscillation. 
• One oscillation can also be defined as the pendulum starting from the mean position, going to one extreme, and coming back to the same mean position. 
• The time duration to compete for one oscillation is called time period and the is reciprocal of time period is frequency. 
• Frequency: The number of oscillations per unit time is called frequency. 

\(frequncy =\frac{Oscillation}{Time}\)

Calculation:

Given that : Frequency = 2 hz and time = 16 sec.

In a sec pendulum completes 2 oscillations per second.

⇒ Oscillations = Frequency × time

⇒ Oscillations = 2×16

⇒ Oscillations = 32

Additional Information

The time period of a simple pendulum depends upon on the length of the string and acceleration due to gravity.

\(T = 2 \pi \sqrt{\frac{l}{g}}\)

l is length, g is acceleration due to gravity. 

Concept-

• We know that all living organisms need food.
• Food supplies proteins, carbohydrates, fats, vitamins, and minerals, all of which we require for body development, growth, and health.
• Both plants and animals are major sources of food for us.
• We obtain most of this food from agriculture and animal husbandry.
• Cereals such as wheat, rice, maize, millets, and sorghum provide us carbohydrates for energy requirements.

Explanation-

The principal food crop of the world is wheat.

• Wheat is a Rabi crop that belongs to the Gramineae family.
• The scientific name of rice is Triticum aestivum.
• Wheat is the principal crop for millions of people in the world.
• Wheat grain is used for cooking.
• So, it is the principal cereal crop compared to rice, maize, and barley. 

Additional Information

• The major food crop of the world that belongs to the family is Gramineae. 
• Gramineae is also known as the Poaceae is the family that contains all the major crops that belong to the grass family.
• Poaceae or Gramineae is the most economically important plant family, providing staple foods from domesticated cereal crops as well as feed for meat-producing animals. 
• Examples such as maize, wheat, rice, barley, and millets, etc.

Soil is one of the most important natural resources as mankind is dependent on soil for food. The soils of Rajasthan have developed under the arid and humid climate over the bedrocks of complex nature predominately through the process of Lateralization.

Classification: The old system of classification was developed by scientists (Thorpe & Smith) of the U.S Department of Agriculture in 1949. The classification is based upon differences in climate and mineralogy. As per this system, soils of Rajasthan can be classified into 8 types:

1. Desert Soils
2. Dunes and Associated Soils
3. Brown Soils
4. Sierozems
5. Red Loams
6. Hill Soils (Lithosols)
7. Saline Sodic Soils (Solonchaks)
8. Alluvial Soils/and Black Soils

Brown soil:

• Brown Soils Major area of these soils is in the catchment area of Banas River.
• Districts – Tonk, Bundi, Sawai Madhopur, Bhilwara, Udaipur, and Chittorgarh
• Annual Rainfall – 50 cm to 75 cm is sufficient for Kharif crops.
• Texture – Sandy loam to clay loam.
• Colour – Ranges from greyish brown to yellow-brown.
• They are rich in calcium salts but have poor organic matter
• The use of fertilizers becomes essential to get a good harvest
• As the groundwaters are saline, soils irrigate with these waters have accumulated salts
• Tank irrigated soils have also developed a problem of the high water table.
• Rabi crops are grown under irrigation.

Hence, option 1 is the correct answer.

The image is flipped horizontally.

Hence, option 4 is the mirror image of the given image.

The correct answer is connective.

• Blood is a type of connective tissue. 

Key Points

• ​Connective tissue
  • This is a kind of biological tissue that supports, connects, or separates different types of tissues and organs of the body.
  • Examples- Tendons, ligaments, cartilage, bone, blood.
• Blood has a fluid (liquid) matrix called plasma, in which red blood corpuscles (RBCs), white blood corpuscles (WBCs), and platelets are suspended.
  • The plasma contains proteins, salts, and hormones.
  • Blood flows and transports gases, digested food, hormones, and waste materials to different parts of the body.

Additional Information

• Epithelial tissue:
  • The epithelial tissues are formed by cells that cover the organ surface such as the surface of the skin, the airways, the reproductive tract, and the inner lining of the digestive tract.
• Muscular tissues:
  • Muscular tissue is a soft tissue that composes muscles.
  • Skeletal muscle (voluntary muscles), cardiac muscle (involuntary muscles) are examples of it.
• Nervous tissue:
  • The main components of the nervous system are the brain, spinal cord, and nerves which regulate and control body functions.
  • It is made up of neurons that have important functions in the nervous system.