Question Discussion & Solution

The correct answer is 2, 4, 1, 3.

Key Points

Additional Information

• Most of the peasant movements were the outcome of social reform movements and were initially spontaneous.
• The caste panchayats played an important role in these movements. 

The correct answer is A. O. Hume.

Key Points

• The Indian National Congress was formed in 1885 by A.O. Hume, an Englishman, and a retired civil servant. 
  • Indian National Congress was established in 1885.
  • The first session of INC was held at Gokuldas Tejpal Sanskriti College in Bombay.
  • It was presided over by Womesh Chandra Banerjee.
  • A.O. Hume never served as president of any INC session. 
• George Yule was a Scottish merchant in England and India who served as the fourth President of the Indian National Congress in 1888 at Allahabad. 
  • He was the first non-Indian to hold that office.
  • He was the founder of George Yule & Co. of London and headed Andrew Yule & Co., of Calcutta. He served as Sheriff of Calcutta and as President of the Indian Chamber of Commerce.
• Sir Henry Cotton belonged to a distinguished family who served India for five generations.
  • His great grandfather Joseph Cotton joined the East India Company's mercantile service in the middle of the 18th century and was a Director of the Company for 28 years.
  • He was the president of the INC session of 1903 at Bombay. 
• Sir William Wedderburn was appointed Acting Judicial Commissioner in Sind and Judge of the Sadar Court in 1874.
  • In 1882 he became the District and Sessions Judge of Poona. At the time of his retirement in 1887, he was the Chief Secretary to the Government of Bombay.
  • He was the president of the INC session: 
    • ​Bombay Session of 1889
    • Allahabad Session of 1910

The correct answer is option 1 i.e The Rakhigarhi.

• Rakhigarhi is a village in Haryana.
  • Rakhigarhi villages of Haryana have one of the world's oldest ancient Indus Valley Civilization sites.
  • Located in the Sarasvati river plain.
  • It is one of the famous sites of a pre-Indus Valley Civilisation.
  • Part of the mature Indus Valley Civilisation, dating to 2600-1900 BCE.
  • The Global Heritage Fund, declared Rakhigarhi one of the ten most endangered heritage sites in Asia in 2011.
  • The  Archaeological Survey of India excavated Rakhigarhi for three times.
• Mitathal is another Indus Valley Civilisation site in Haryana.
• Sisai is an Indus Valley Civilization site and village in Haryana.
• Bass is a municipal committee town situated in the geometrical centre of Haryana.

• Indus Valley Civilization is the largest ancient civilization.
• John Marshall was the first scholar to use the term ‘Indus Valley Civilisation’.
• The Indus Valley Civilisation belongs to the Protohistoric Period (Chalcolithic Age/Bronze Age).
• Dayaram Sahni first discovered Harappa Civilisation in 1921.

The correct answer is Jodhpur-Tonk.

Key Points

• At the time of unification in Rajasthan, the princely states of Tonk and Jodhpur wanted to merge with Pakistan.
• Jodhpur (1910) was the first princely state in Rajasthan that made a law to secure the Ajmer-Merwara of wildlife in Rajasthan.
• Tonk (in 1901) was the first state to declare a hunting act in Rajasthan.
• Jodhpur (Marwar) was the largest princely state of Rajasthan by area.
• Tonk was the part of Rajasthan union.
• Jodhpur was the part of Greater Rajasthan.