Question Discussion & Solution

The correct answer is 3 only.

 Key Points

• In case of a censure motion, reasons must be stated for its adoption in the Lok Sabha while in case of motion of no confidence no such reasons for its adoption are required to be stated in the Lok Sabha. Hence Statement 3 is not correct and option 3 is correct.

 Important Points

• Article 75 of the constitution states that the Council of Ministers shall be collectively responsible to the House of the People.
• Collective responsibility means that the entire Council of ministers is a team that sinks or swims together.
• So if the Lok Sabha passes a no-confidence motion against the Council of ministers then all have to resign. Hence Statement 1 is correct.
• Censure motion is moved against the Council of Ministers, a group of ministers, or as individual ministers for the failure to perform duties.
• The censure motion is usually moved by the opposition party against the ruling party or any of its ministers for failing to act in a certain matter.
• Censure motion must be specific and self-explanatory, stating the reasons for its adoption. Hence Statement 2 is correct.
• It can be moved only in the Lok Sabha and not in the Rajya Sabha.
• No leave of the House is required for moving a censure motion but it must specify the charges against the government for which it is moved.
• If the censure motion is passed, the Council of ministers is bound to seek the confidence of the Lok Sabha as early as possible.

 Additional Information 

Difference between Censure Motion and Motion of No Confidence

• No confidence motion can only be moved against the entire council of ministers while censure motion can be moved against an individual minister, a group of ministers, and the entire council of ministers.
• Censure motion is moved for censuring the council of ministers for specific policies and action and a no-confidence motion, on the other hand, is moved for ascertaining the confidence of Lok Sabha in the council of ministers.
• The council of ministers need not resign from the office if a censure motion is passed in the Lok Sabha while in case of motion of no confidence, the council of minister must resign from office if the motion is passed. Hence Statement 4 is correct.

The correct answer is Jawaharlal Nehru.

Key Points

• Jawaharlal Nehru was the chairman of the Union Power Committee of the Constituent Assembly of India.
• An idea for a Constituent Assembly of India was proposed in 1934 by M. N. Roy.
• The Constituent Assembly appointed a total of 22 committees to deal with different tasks of constitution-making.
• The Assembly met for the first time in New Delhi on 9 December 1946, and its last session was held on 24 January 1950.

Additional Information

• Important Committees of Constituent Assembly and their chairperson -
  • Union Constitution Committee - Jawaharlal Nehru
  • State Power Committee - Jawaharlal Nehru
  • Provincial Committee - Sardar Patel
  • Drafting Committee - BR Ambedkar
  • Minority Committee - Sardar Patel
  • Steering Committee - Rajendra Prasad. 

The correct answer is option 3, i.e. Right against Exploitation.

• Article 23-24 deals with the Right against Exploitation.
• Article 23 prohibits traffic in human beings and forced labour.
• The Immoral Traffic (Prevention) Act was passed in 1956.
• The Bonded Labour System (Abolition) Act was passed in 1976.
• The Supreme Court held that the Right to Property is a human right.
• Right to Property ceased to be a fundamental right with the 44th Constitution Amendment in 1978.
• It was made a constitutional right under Article 300A.

The Correct answer is Justice Fazl Ali.

Key Points

• The creation of the Andhra state intensified the demand from other regions for the creation of states on a linguistic basis.
• This forced the Government of India to appoint (in December 1953) a three-member States Reorganisation Commission under the chairmanship of Fazl Ali to re-examine the whole question. Its other two members were K M Panikkar and H N Kunzru.
• It submitted its report in September 1955 and broadly accepted language as the basis of the reorganisation of states. But, it rejected the theory of ‘one language-one state’. Its view was that the unity of India should be regarded as the primary consideration in any redrawing of the country’s political units. It identified four major factors that can be taken into account in any scheme of the reorganisation of states:

1. Preservation and strengthening of the unity and security of the country.
2.  Linguistic and cultural homogeneity.
3. Financial, economic and administrative considerations.
4. Planning and promotion of the welfare of the people in each state as well as of the nation as a whole.

• The commission suggested the abolition of the four-fold classification of states under the original Constitution and the creation of 16 states and 3 centrally administered territories. The Government of India accepted these recommendations with certain minor modifications.
• By the States Reorganisation Act (1956) and the 7th Constitutional Amendment Act (1956), the distinction between Part-A and Part-B states was done away with and Part-C states were abolished. Some of them were merged with adjacent states and some others were designated as union territories. As a result, 14 states and 6 union territories were created on November 1, 1956.
• The States Reorganisation Act of 1956 established the new state of Kerala by merging the Travancore- Cochin State with the Malabar District of Madras state and Kasargode of South Canara (Dakshina Kannada).
• It merged the Telugu-speaking areas of Hyderabad state with the Andhra state to create the Andhra Pradesh state. Further, it merged the Madya Bharat state, Vindya Pradesh state and Bhopal state into the Madya Pradesh state. Similarly, it merged the Saurashtra state and Kutch state into that of the Bombay state.

The correct answer is Dr. Sampurnanand. 

Key Points