Question Discussion & Solution

The correct answer is 1 and 2 only.

Key Points

• Parliamentary government
  • Members of the Cabinet are Members of the Parliament.
    • ​Hence statement 1 is correct.
  • Ministers hold the office till they enjoy confidence in the Parliament.
    • ​Hence statement 2 is correct.
  • The Head of the state is President and he/she does not head the cabinet
    • Hence statement 3 is not correct.​

Additional Information

• Parliamentary System of Government
  • There are two executives:
    • The nominal executive is the head of state e.g. President while the real executive is the Prime Minister, who is the head of government.
  • In such a system, the role of the president or monarch is primarily ceremonial and the Prime Minister along with the cabinet wields effective power.
  • Countries with such a system include Germany, Italy, Japan, the United Kingdom as well as Portugal.
  • The Constitution of India provides for a parliamentary form of government, both at the Centre and in the States.
  • Articles 74 and 75 deal with the parliamentary system of government at the Union level and Articles 163 and 164 contain provisions with regard to the States.
  • The executive is responsible to the legislature for its policies and acts.
• Presidential System of Government
  • There is only one executive.
  • In this system, the President is both head of state and government, e.g. the USA, South Korea, etc.
  • The executive is not responsible to the legislature for its policies and acts and is constitutionally independent of the legislature in respect of its term of office.

The Correct answer is All are True.

Important Points

• The States Reorganisation Commission (SRC) constituted by the Central Government of India on 22 December 1953 to recommend the reorganisation of state boundaries. In 1955, after nearly two years of study, the Commission recommended that India's state boundaries should be reorganised to form 14 states and 6 territories.
• States Reorganisation Commission consisted of Fazal Ali, K. M. Panikkar and H. N. Kunzru. Some of its recommendations were implemented in the States Reorganisation Act of 1956.

1. The three-tier (Part-A/B/C) state system should be abolished
2. The institution of Rajapramukh and special agreement with former princely states should be abolished.
3. The general control vested in the Government of India by Article 371 should be abolished
4. Only the following 3 states should be the Union Territories: Andaman & Nicobar, Delhi and Manipur. The other Part-C/D territories should be merged with the adjoining states.
5. With regard to north India, it sought to divide the huge Hindi - speaking belt into four states: Bihar, Uttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh and Rajasthan.
6.  In the East, the existing provinces could stay as they were, with minor adjustments.
7. The Commission rejected the demand for tribal status to be carved out of Bihar and Assam.
8. The Sikh State should not create.

Rajasthan Panchayati Raj Act, 1994:

Resignation of Sarpanch, Up-Sarpanch, Panch, Pradhan, Up-Pradhan, Pramukh, Up-Pramukh and Members of Panchayat Samiti or Zila Parishad-

• The Sarpanch, Up-Sarpanch, or Panch may resign his office by writing under his hand addressed to the Vikas Adhikari.
• A member holding office as Pradhan of the Panchayat Samiti may resign his office at any time by writing under his hand addressed to the Pramukh, Zila Parishad, and the UpPradhan or a member of a Panchayat Samiti may resign his office at any time by writing under his hand addressed to the Pradhan, Panchayat Samiti.
• The Pramukh may resign his office by writing under his hand addressed to the Divisional Commissioner, and the Up-Pramukh or a member, Zila Parishad may resign his office by writing under his hand addressed to the Pramukh. 
• Every resignation under Sub-secs. (1), (2), and (3) shall take effect on the expiry of fifteen days from the date of its receipt by the authority aforesaid unless withdrawn within this period of fifteen days.
• Every Up-Sarpanch, Pradhan, Up-Pradhan, Pramukh, and Up-Pramukh shall vacate the office if he ceases to be a member of Panchayat or, as the case may be, a Panchayat Samiti or a Zila Parishad.

Thus, we can conclude that in Rajasthan, a member of Zila Parishad may resign his office by writing under his hand addressed, to Zila Pramukh.

The correct answer is 5 Years.

Key Points

• 5 years is the tenure of Lok Sabha members.
  • Lok Sabha is composed of representatives of the people chosen by direct election on the basis of adult suffrage.
  • The term of a member of parliament of Lok Sabha (dissolved) is five years from the date appointed for its first meeting.
  • During a state of emergency, the term however can be extended by the Parliament of India by law for a period not exceeding one year at a time.

Additional Information

• On 26 January 1950, the Indian constitution came into force and the first general elections (under the new constitution) were held in 1951-1952.
• The 1st Lok Sabha was constituted on 17 April 1952 and had 489 constituencies, thereby the first set of elected members of parliament of Lok Sabha in India.
• The maximum permitted strength of members of parliament in the Lok Sabha is 550.
• The first instance of a member of parliament equivalent in India dates back to 9 December 1946, the day the Constituent Assembly of India was formed with the purpose of drafting a constitution for India.

Important Points

• As per Article 93 of the Indian Constitution, the Lok Sabha has a Speaker and a Deputy Speaker.

The correct answer is One Chairman and two members​.

• Rajasthan State Human Rights Commission is comprised of One Chairman and two members.

Key Points

• Human Rights (Amendment) Act, 2006 consists of three members including a chairperson. The chairperson should be a retired Chief Justice of a High Court.
• The other members should be:
  • A serving or retired judge of a High Court or a District Judge in the state with a minimum of seven years experience as a District judge.
  • A person having practical experience or knowledge related to human rights.
• The State Government of Rajasthan issued a Notification on January 18, 1999, for the constitution of the State Commission in accordance with the provisions of The Protection of Human Rights Act, 1993.

• The Human Rights Commission became functional in March 2000 with the appointment of Justice Kanta Kumari Bhatnagar, as the first Chairperson with Shri R. K. Akodia, Shri B. L. Joshi, and Prof. Alamshah Khan as the members of the commission.