Question Discussion & Solution

The correct answer is the Civil Disobedience Movement.

Key Points

• Gandhiji's call for breaking Salt Laws was in response to the Civil Disobedience Movement.
• The Salt Satyagraha was initiated by Mahatma Gandhi against the salt tax that was imposed by the British Government in India.
• The Salt Satyagraha was started on 12 March 1930 to 5 April 1930.
•  The defiance of the salt law was followed by the spread of the Civil Disobedience Movement all over the country.
• The Civil Disobedience Movement was started on 6 April 1930.
• Dandi March and Salt Satyagraha:
  • Gandhi, along with a band of seventy-eight members of Sabarmati Ashram, was to march from his headquarters in Ahmedabad through the villages of Gujarat for 240 miles. On reaching the coast at Dandi, the salt law was to be violated by collecting salt from the beach.

• ​Some features of the Civil Disobedience Movement - 

  • Boycott of foreign-made cloth and liquor shops.
  • Refusal by peasants to pay revenue and chowkidar taxes.
  • Violation of forest law by grazing animals in the reserved forest.
  • Deliberately breaking unjust laws like salt tax law.

Additional Information 

• The Non-cooperation Movement was started on 1 August 1920.
• Khilafat Movement was led by Shaukat Ali and Maulana Mohammad Ali Jauhar in 1919.:
  • The Khilafat Movement (1919):
  • It brought the Muslims & the Hindus on a common platform against the British administration.
  • It was one of the most important causes of the Non - Cooperation Movement. 
  • The Indian Muslims regarded the Sultan of Turkey as the Caliph.
• Quit India Movement:​
  • The iconic 'Quit India' slogan was coined by socialist Congress leader and lesser-known hero of the Indian National movement Yusuf Meher Ali in 1942.
  • He was the founder of National Militia, Bombay youth League, and the Congress Socialist Party.
  • On 8th August 1942, Mahatma Gandhi gave a clarion call to end British rule and launched the Quit India Movement at the session of the All-India Congress Committee in Mumbai.
  • Also known as the India August Movement or August Kranti.
  • The movement gave the slogans ‘Quit India’ or ‘Bharat Chodo’. Gandhi gave the slogan to the people – ‘Do or die’
  • The immediate cause of the movement was the collapse of the Cripps Mission.
  • The movement saw violence at some places which were not premeditated.
  • The Quit India movement was violently suppressed by the British – people were shot, lathi-charged, villages burnt and enormous fines imposed.

The correct answer is A - 4, B - 3, C - 2, D - 1.

Key Points

• Rajasthan Seva Sangh was founded in 1919.
  • Arjun Lal Sethi, Kesari Singh Barhat and Vijay Singh Pathik was the founder of the Rajasthan Seva Sangh.
  • The main objective of Rajasthan Seva Sangh was to awaken political consciousness in the public and remove their difficulties.
• Desh Hiteshi Sabha was founded in 1877.
  • It was formed under the chairmanship of Maharaja Sajjan Singh in Udaipur.
• The All India States People's Conference (AISPC), also know as Praja Mandal or Lok Parishad was a group of political movements in the princely states of the British Raj.
  • The first session of the All India States Peoples' Conference was held in Bombay in December 1927.
• The Chamber of Princes also known as Narendra Mandal was a forum in which the rulers of the princely states of India could voice their needs and aspirations to the colonial government of British India.
  • It was established by a royal proclamation of King-Emperor George V in 1920.

The correct answer is Vijay Singh Pathik.

Key Points

• Vijay Singh Pathik:
  • Real name: Bhoop Singh.
  • Leader Bijolia Peasant Movement.
  • Went Jail for Salt Satyagraha & Begun Peasant Movement.
  • Editor of Rajasthan Kesari & Naveen Rajasthan.
  • Published – Pratap.

Additional Information 

• Sagarmal Gopa:
  • Stir people against Maharawal Jawahar Singh, Jaisalmer.
  • Expelled from Jaisalmer & Hyderabad.
  • Author – Azadi Ke Dewaane, Jaisalmer mein Gundaraj,Raghunath Singh ka mukadma.
• Jainarayan Vyas:
  • Published Rajasthani Magazine – Agnibaan.
  • In 1927, editor of Tarun Rajasthan.
  • In 1936, Published Akhand Bharat from Mumbai.
  • 14 years – General Secretary of All India Native Rajya Parishad.
  • Immense contribution in Marwar Prajamandal.
• Gokul Bhai Bhatt::
  • Established Rajya Prajamandal in Sirohi.
  • Worked for political awakening in Sirohi area.

The correct answer is Sohgaura.

• Sohgaura - 
  • It is not a Harappan site.
  • It is an Ashokan era copper plate inscription written in Prakrit in the Brahmi script. 
• Major findings in Kot Diji (Pakistan) of Harappan site are a tar, statues of bull and mother goddess.
• Major findings in Chanhudaro (Pakistan) of Harappan site are the footprint of a dog chasing a cat, Bead makers shop, and Cart with a seated driver.
• Major findings in Desalpur (Gujarat) of Harappan site are pottery ware with lines of bluish-green pigment, Terracotta seals etc.

The correct answer is Gujarat

Key Points

• The British in 1882 prohibited Indians from collecting or selling salt, a staple in their diet, and called it as Salt Law.
• Defying the Salt Act, Gandhi simply made Indians break the British law nonviolently.
• The Salt Satyagraha (Dandi March), which took place from March to April 1930 in India.
• It was an act of civil disobedience led by M.K Gandhi to protest British rule in India.
• During the march, thousands of Indians followed Gandhi from his religious retreat near Ahmedabad (Gujarat).
• The march resulted in the arrest of nearly 60,000 people, including Gandhi himself.

Additional Information

• About Mahatma Gandhi:
  • Mahatma Gandhi (Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi) was born on October 2, 1869.
  • He died January 30, 1948, in Delhi, and the day is celebrated as Shaheed Diwas or Martyrs' Day.
• His autobiography is titled My Experiments with Truth.
• Other Important movements led by Mahatma Gandhi:
  • ​Champaran Movement (1917)
  • Kheda Movement (1918)
  • Khilafat Movement (1919)
  • Non Cooperation Movement (1920-22)
  • Quit India Movement (1942)