Question Discussion & Solution

The correct answer is Kernel.​Key Points

• The kernel is an essential center of a computer operating system.
• It is the core that provides basic services for all other parts of the operating system. 
• It is the main layer between the OS and hardware.
• Kernel helps in the process and memory management, file systems, device control, and networking.
• It is the first program after bootloader which is loaded and controls everything in the OS.
• It acts as an interface between application and hardware.
  It is responsible for memory management.
• There are five types of the kernel:
  • A microkernel
    • It only contains basic functionality
  • A monolithic kernel.
    • It contains many device drivers
  • Hybrid Kernel
  • Exokernel
  • Microkernel

The correct answer is Virtual memory.

Key Points

• Most modern operating systems employ a method of extending RAM capacity, known as "virtual memory".
• A portion of the computer's hard drive is set aside for a paging file or a scratch partition, and the combination of physical RAM and the paging file form the system's total memory. 
• When the system runs low on physical memory, it can "swap" portions of RAM to the paging file to make room for new data, as well as to read previously swapped information back into RAM.
• Excessive use of this mechanism results in thrashing and generally hampers overall system performance, mainly because hard drives are far slower than RAM.

Additional Information

• RAM - Random-access memory is a form of computer memory that can be read and changed in any order, typically used to store working data and machine code. 
• ROM - Read-only memory is a type of non-volatile memory used in computers and other electronic devices.
• Types of ROM:
  • MROM (Masked ROM) 
  • PROM (Programmable Read-Only Memory) 
  • EPROM (Erasable and Programmable Read-Only Memory) 
  • EEPROM (Electrically Erasable and Programmable Read-Only Memory)

The correct answer is Motherboard.

Key Points

• The motherboard allows communication to and between the CPU, RAM, and all other computer hardware components.
• A motherboard (also called mainboard, main circuit board, system board, baseboard, planar board, logic board, or mobo) is the main printed circuit board (PCB) in general-purpose computers and other expandable systems.
• It holds and allows communication between many crucial electronic components of a system, such as the central processing unit (CPU) and memory, and provides connectors for other peripherals. 

Additional Information

• Application software is a type of computer program that performs a specific personal, educational, and business function.
• System software is a type of computer program that is designed to run a computer's hardware and application programs.
• A central processing unit (CPU), also called a central processor, main processor, or just processor is the electronic circuitry that executes instructions comprising a computer program.

The correct answer is Versatility, Diligence.

Key Points

• Versatility is the characteristic of a computer to perform completely different types of work at the same time, whereas diligence makes it to work for hours without boredom or tiredness. 
• Versatility means the capacity of the computer of performing more than one task at the same time.
• Diligence is the capacity of the computer of performing repetitive tasks without getting tired.
• A computer is free from tiredness, lack of concentration, fatigue, etc therefore it can work for hours without creating any errors.

Additional Information

Characteristics of Computer System are:

• Speed - A computer works with much higher speed and accuracy compared to humans while performing mathematical calculations. 
• Accuracy - Computers perform calculations with 100% accuracy. 
• Diligence - A computer can perform millions of tasks or calculations with the same consistency and accuracy. 
• Versatility
• Reliability
• Memory

The correct answer is to Insert a new slide.

Key Points

• MS PowerPoint
  • It is a presentation program used to present data and information by using text, diagrams with animation, images, and transitional effects in the form of slides.
  • It is developed by Robert Gaskins and Dennis Austin.
•  Ctrl + M
  • It is a shortcut key to insert a blank slide after the currently selected slide.

Additional Information