Question Discussion & Solution

The correct answer is Pataliputra.

Key Points

• Pataliputra was the capital of the Mauryan Empire.
• The empire lasted from 321 to 185 BCE.
• The Mauryan Empire was founded by Chandragupta Maurya and the most popular ruler of the empire was Ashoka.
• Mauryan dynasty had three important rulers:
  • Chandragupta
  • Bindusara
  • Ashoka

 Thus, we can say that Pataliputra was the capital of the Mauryan Empire.

Additional Information

• The most important cities of the empire were the capital Pataliputa, Ujjain and Taxila.

The correct answer is Five.

Key Points

• The first sermon was delivered to his 5 disciples at Sarnath in a deer park.
• The first sermon delivered by Buddha was on deliverance from suffering.
• The event of the first sermon is known as "Dharmachakra Pravartana" which means turning the wheel of dharma.
• In the first sermon, Buddha gave two elements of the Holy Trinity of Buddhism.
  • Dhamma: Teachings
  • Sangha: Order of Buddhist monks and nuns
• His five disciples became Arhats.
• Buddha obtained Mahaparinirvana at the age of 80 in Kushinagar.

Additional Information

• After attaining Enlightenment Buddha discovered four noble truths:
  • The truth of suffering (Dukkha)
  • The truth of the cause of suffering (Samudaya)
  • The truth of the end of suffering (Nirodha), and
  • The truth of the path that leads to the end of suffering (Astangika-Marga).
• Buddha attained Enlightenment at the age of 35 at Gaya under a Peepal tree at Uruvela.
• The Peepal tree under which Buddha attained Enlightenment is the famous Bodhi tree.

The correct answer is Craft.

• Chanhudaro is a Harappan site.
• It is a tiny settlement (less than 7 hectares) as compared to other Harappan sites such as Mohenjodaro (125 hectares).
• The site is almost exclusively devoted to craft production, including bead-making, shell-cutting, metal-working, seal-making and weight-making.
• The variety of materials used to make beads is remarkable: stones like carnelian (of a beautiful red colour), jasper, crystal, quartz and steatite; metals like copper, bronze and gold; and shell, faience, and terracotta or burnt clay.
• Some beads were made of two or more stones, cemented together, some of stone with gold caps. The shapes were numerous – disc-shaped, cylindrical, spherical, barrel-shaped, segmented. Some were decorated by incising or painting, and some had designs etched onto them.
• Specialized drills have been found at Chanhudaro.
• There is no evidence of Iron ore extraction from Chanhudaro
• Thus, according to the above explanation, Craft will be the correct answer.

Additional Information

Harappan Civilization map: 

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The correct answer is Jodhpur-Tonk.

Key Points

• At the time of unification in Rajasthan, the princely states of Tonk and Jodhpur wanted to merge with Pakistan.
• Jodhpur (1910) was the first princely state in Rajasthan that made a law to secure the Ajmer-Merwara of wildlife in Rajasthan.
• Tonk (in 1901) was the first state to declare a hunting act in Rajasthan.
• Jodhpur (Marwar) was the largest princely state of Rajasthan by area.
• Tonk was the part of Rajasthan union.
• Jodhpur was the part of Greater Rajasthan.

The correct answer is Bhavra.

• The birthplace of the great freedom fighter Chandra Shekar Azad is Bhavra.
• Chandra Shekar Azad was born on 23rd July 1906.
• Hindustan Socialist Republican Association (HSRA) was founded by Chandra Shekar Azad along with Bhagat Singh on 9th September 1928.
• The Indian Independence Movement was led by the Chandra Shekar Azad.
• Chandra Shekar Azad was involved in:
  • Kakori Train Robbery of 1925.
  • Shooting of J. P. Saunders at Lahore in 1928 to avenge the killing of Lala Lajpat Rai.
  • Attempt to blow up the Viceroy of India's train in 1929.
• He was an extremist leader.
• He died on 27th February 1931 (at the age of 24 years) in Allahabad.