Question Discussion & Solution

The correct answer is Juvenile Justice (Care and Protection of Children) Act, 2015.

• Juvenile Justice (Care and Protection of Children) Act, 2015:
  • An Act to consolidate and amend the law relating to children alleged and found to be in conflict with law and children in need of care and protection by catering to their basic needs through proper care, protection, development, treatment, social re-integration, by adopting a child-friendly approach in the adjudication and disposal of matters in the best interest of children and for their rehabilitation through processes provided, and institutions and bodies established, hereinunder and for matters connected therewith or incidental thereto.

Key Points

• The act is in force from 15^th January 2016.
• The main aim of the act is to consolidate and amend the law relating to children alleged and found to be in conflict with law and children in need of care and protection.
• Ministry of women and child development is the nodal authority for the implementation of this act.

Additional Information

• The Juvenile Justice (Care and Protection of Children) Act was enacted for the first time in 1986 and got enforced nationwide in the year 2000.
• This act was also amended in 2006 and 2011.
• But the act underwent major changes in 2015 and thus it was renamed as The Juvenile Justice (Care and Protection of Children) Act, 2015.

The correct answer is Female foeticide.

• The role of women in society cannot be undermined than men in any form.
• They are storming all the male bastions and proving themselves to be equally good, if not superior, in all walks of life. Women in India today are also poised to take off.
• But in spite of this in a country where women are put on a pedestal and worshipped as Mother Goddess, it is ironical that crimes against women are on the rise.
• One of such crimes is the crime of  female foeticide (Practice of selective elimination of the female foetus after prenatal sex determination or sex pre-selection)  which is increasing more speedily as compared to female infanticide (elimination of a baby girl). Behind such a pathetic situation, society as a whole is responsible. 

Key Points

• Some of the causes behind female foeticide may be as follows:
  • Inequality or Gender Bias;
  • Dowry Tradition;
  • Male as the Bread Winner of Family;
  • Offering of Pinda;
  • Continuity of Lineage;
  • Old Age Security;
  • Two Child or One Child Norm;
  • Easily available means of Sex Determination. 
• Hence, we conclude that the practice of selective elimination of the female foetus after prenatal sex determination or sex pre-selection is called ​Female foeticide.

Confusion Points

• Female foeticide is the abortion of a female foetus outside of illegal methods.
• Female infanticide is the killing of newborn girl child. 

• The offense done under 363 A is Cognizable and Non-bailable.

• ​Non-Bailable offense - Getting bail is not the right of the accused. It is the discretion of the court to grant bail.
• Cognizable offense - A police Officer may arrest the accused without a warrant.
• Non-Compoundable offense - Parties associated with the case cannot settle the case out of court and decide not to prosecute

The correct answer is a Punishment of ten years and a fine.

 Important Points

•  Section 373 of IPC-
  • Whoever buys, hires, or otherwise obtains possession of any person under the age of eighteen years with the intent that such person shall be at any age be employed or used for the purpose of prostitution or illicit intercourse with any person or for any unlawful and immoral purpose, or knowing it to be likely that such person will at any age employed or used for any such purpose, shall be punished with imprisonment of either description for a term which may extend to ten years, and shall also be liable to fine.
  • It is a cognizable offence and Non-bailable in nature which is triable by the court of session.

The correct answer is Rajasthan.

• Policy framed to focus on the prevention of sex determination and female foeticides.
• The state is the first in the country to make this kind of move.

​ Important Points

•  Ensuring survival and providing an appropriate environment for the development of a girl child.
• The role and responsibilities of each stakeholder have been identified and defined.
• A task force has been constituted under the chairmanship of the chief secretary, Government of Rajasthan for the effective monitoring of the policy.
• The policy is being implemented in the state as per the directions of this task force.​