Question Discussion & Solution

The correct answer is Bikaner.

Key Points

• Bikaner Prajamandal-
  • Establishment year - 1936 AD in Kolkata
  • President - Magram Vaidhi
  • Leader - Birbal Singh, Laxmandas Swami, etc.
  • On 22 July 1942 AD, advocate Raghuvar Dayal Goyal established the Bikaner State Praja Parishad for a responsible government.
  • Birbal Singh was martyred on 30 June 1946 in Rai Singh Nagar, where a conference of Bikaner Rajya Praja Parishad was organized due to police firing.
  • The princely state of Bikaner was the first to enter the Central Legislative Assembly.

Additional Information

• Kushalgarh Praja Mandal-
  • Establishment year - 1942 AD
  • Chairman – Bhanwar Lal Nigam
  • Leader- Kanhiya Lal Sethia, etc.
• Alwar Prajamandal-
  • Establishment year- 1938 AD
  • Leaders- Bhavani Shankar Sharma, Harinarayan Sharma, Kunj Bihari Modi, etc.

🔑 Key Points

• Maharana Pratap of Mewar is celebrated for his relentless resistance against the Mughal Empire, particularly Emperor Akbar.
• He fought the Battle of Haldighati in 1576 against the Mughal forces led by Man Singh I.

The Correct answer is Rajaram Mohan Roy.

Key Points

• Rajaram Mohan Roy:
  • Ram Mohan Roy is considered the Prophet of Nationalism.
  • He is a tireless social reformer who inaugurated the age of enlightenment and liberal reformist modernization in India.
  • Raja Ram Mohan Roy is known as the father of Indian Nationalism.
  • He was called as The Father of the Indian Renaissance and the Prophet of Indian Nationalism.
  • Ram Mohan Roy was given the title of ‘Raja’ by the titular Mughal Emperor of Delhi, Akbar II.
  • Raja Rammohan Roy started the first Bengali language weekly newspaper (Sambad Koumudi )and also the first newspaper in the Indian language
  • Roy set up the Vedanta College to spread his teachings of Hindu monotheism.
  • Gopal Krishna Gokhale called Roy the ‘Father of Modern India’.

​​Additional Information

• Mahatma Gandhi:
  • He was born on October 2, 1869, in Porbandar.
  • He was a politician, lawyer, writer, and social activist.
  • Real name: Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi.
  • His father's name was Karamchand Gandhi, who was the dewan of Porbandar in Gujarat and Putlibai Gandhi was the mother of Mahatma Gandhi.
  • Kasturba Gandhi was known as the wife of Mahatma Gandhi.
  • He introduced non-violence tactics called Satyagraha against the British.
  • His first satyagraha was Champaran Satyagraha in 1917.
  • He was known as the father of the Nation, because of his contributions to the Indian Independence Movement
  • Khilafat movement, Non-cooperation movement, the Salt March, and quit India movement are the most popular movements of Mahatma Gandhi initiated during the fighting for freedom.
  • Rabindranath Tagore called him Mahatma
  • Autobiography: My experiments with the truth.
  • He was assassinated on January 30, 1948.​
• Jawaharlal Nehru:
  • Jawaharlal Nehru was the first Prime Minister of India.
  • He was born on November 14, 1889, in Allahabad.
  • November 14 is celebrated as Children's Day in India.
  • He is the Prime Minister who has had the longest term in office.
  • He served as the prime minister of India from 15th August 1947 to 1964.
  • He is the architect of the Preamble of the Indian constitution.
  • He was the Prime Minister of India during the Indo-China war in 1962.
  • He served as the first chairman of the planning commission of India.
  • He was honoured with the Bharat Ratna in 1955.
  • The name Panchayati raj was given by Jawaharlal Nehru.
  • National herald is the newspaper started by Jawaharlal Nehru.
  • He is the first prime minister to die in harness.
  • Glimpses of the world, Discovery of India are the famous works of Nehru.
  • Discovery of India Deals with history, uniqueness, features of our country India.
  • Shantivan is the cremation ground of Jawaharlal Nehru.
  • He died on May 27, 1964, in New Delhi​​ 
• ​Rabindranath Tagore:
  • He was an Indian Poet, writer, painter, composer and social reformer.
  • He was born on May 7, 1861, in Calcutta.
  • He was the first Asian who received Nobel Prize for Literature in 1913.
  • His work Geetanjali got the Nobel Prize.
  • He was credited for writing our National Anthem Jana Gana Mana.
  • He was also written the National Anthem of Bangladesh. ( Amar Shonar Bangla).
  • Chandalika was a famous play of Rabindranath Tagore.
  • Rabindranath Tagore returned 'the sir' (Knighthood) award to the British government in 1919 to protest against the Jallianwala Bagh Massacre in which 379 innocent people died at the hands of the British army. 
  • He founded Vishwa Bharathi, Oldest central university.
  • Rabindranath Tagore gave the title of Mahatma to M K Gandhi.
  • He died on August 7, 1941, in Calcutta.

The correct answer is Tarun Rajasthan.

• After the closure of the newspaper named 'Naveen Rajasthan', it was published again as Tarun Rajasthan.

Key Points

• Tarun Rajasthan
  • After the establishment of Rajasthan Seva sangha in 1922, a newspaper named Naveen Rajasthan was started by it.
  • It used to run many mass movements.
  • The bijolia movement gained much importance due to this.
  • Due to this was banned in Mewar and also the arrival of Pathik in Mewar.
  • After the closure of the newspaper named 'Naveen Rajasthan', it was published again as Tarun Rajasthan.
  • It was started under the editorship of Ramnarayan Chaudhary and Shobhalal Gupt.

Additional Information

• Press development in Rajasthan​
  • First, the Christian missionaries in Rajasthan established the 'Litho Press' at Beawar in 1864 AD.
  • In Rajasthan, the first 'Marwar Gazette' was published from Jodhpur in August 1866.
  • Maharana Sajjan Singh in Udaipur published Sajjan Kirti Sudhakar (Government Gazette) in 1879 AD. This was the first fortnightly paper.
  • Maulvi Murad Ali first started publishing 'Rajputana Gazette' from Ajmer in 1882.
  • In 1882 Munshi Munnalal Sharma started the publication of 'Deshitaishi' monthly newspaper.
  • Hanuman Singh 'Rajputana Herald' in 1885 AD.
  • In 1927, Haribhau Upadhyaya published 'Tyag Bhoomi' for the purpose of propagating Gandhian ideology.
  • Other important newspaper
    • Prabhat - 1932
    • Navjyoti - 1936  by Capt. Durgaprasad Chaudhary
    • Jaipur News - 1935
    • Navajivan - Kanak Madhukar from Ajmer in 1939 AD
    • Lokvani - Devishankar Tiwari in 1943 AD

The correct answer is Kolkata, 1896.

Key Points

• 'Vande Mataram' song was sung for the first time at the Indian National Congress session at Kolkata in 1896.
• The president of the Kolkata session was Rahmatullah M. Sayani.
• Vande Mataram song:
  • The song was Sung by Rabindranath Tagore.
  • The song was written by Bankim Chandra Chatterjee in 1874.
  • The song was published in the Bengali novel Anandamath in 1882.

​​​Important Points

• Indian National Congress(INC):
  • Indian National Congress was founded on 28 December 1885.
  • Father of INC: Allan Octavian Hume
• List of Important Indian National Congress sessions: