Question Discussion & Solution

Achar Sudharini Sabha is NOT correct.

• Achar Sudharini Sabha was established by Yamuna Prasad Verma in 1910 AD. 

Key Points

•  Asparshyata Nivaran Sangh, Valmiki Sangh, Adiwasi Sangh were established by Pandit Hari Narayan Sharma.
  • These Sangh did work for the social and political empowerment of the tribe class.
• Pandit Hari Narayan Sharma established Alwar Prajamandal in 1938 AD with help of Kunj Bihari Modi.

Additional Information

• Yamuna Prasad Verma was related to Dholpur Prajamandal.
  • He established Achar Sudharini Sabha in 1910 AD.
  • He established Arya Samaj in 1911 AD.

The correct answer is 5th.

Key Points

• Shankar Dev Rav committee's recommendations are related to the 5th phase of Rajasthan integration. 
  • The committee's other members  were Shri Prabhu Dayal and R.K. Singhawa
  • On the recommendations of this committee, Matsya Sangh was integrated with Greater Rajasthan.
  • It is known as the United States of Greater Rajasthan​ which happened on 15 May 1949.
    • Its capital was Jaipur.
    • The post of Prime minister was discontinued and the Chief minister's office was constituted.
    • Hiralal Shastri became the first Chief Minister of Rajasthan.

The correct answer is Alwar.

• Neemuchana known as second Jallianwala massacre is situated in Alwar, Rajasthan.

Key Points

• The Neemuchana massacre of 14th May 1925 is a terrifying example of how ruthlessly and inhumanly an Indian state under British protection could deal with its agriculturists’ agitation for a genuine cause.
• It was the culmination of an ongoing confrontation between the Darbar and the present agitator in Bansoor and Thanagazi Nizamats of the Alwar state.
• Many people believe to have been killed and many more injured among the protestors at Neemuchna.
• The Neemuchana massacre is called the Jallianwala massacre of Rajasthan.

Additional Information

• Neemuchna Farmer Movement took place during the reign of Maharaja Jai Singh Alwar.
  • The reason was an increase in fine rates.
• On 14th May 1925, Farmers of Alwar Organised a Kisan Sabha in Nimuchna Village of Alwar to protest against the increase of fines.
• The Royal Army of Alwar fired on this gathering killing more than 800 farmers. Gandhiji described this massacre as the Second Dyershahi.

The correct answer is Ram Narain Choudhary.

• Ram Narain Choudhary was entrusted with the leadership of Begun Peasant movement by Vijay Singh Pathik.

Key Points

• Begun peasants took cues from the neighbouring region of Bijolia to raise voice against atrocities of Jagirs in 1921.
• Jagirdar Thakur Anoop Singh suppressed the No-rate campaign by villagers in 1922.
• Villagers reached to Rajasthan Seva Sangh for help.
• Secretary of the Sangh, Ram Narain Choudhary was sent to lead, guide, and help the peasants of Begun.
• The Jagirdar entered into an agreement with the peasants at Ajmer through Vijay Singh Pathik, but the agreement was not acceptable to the British Resident of Mewar as he called it a Bolshevik settlement. 
• The majority of peasants of Begun were of Dhakar caste.
• Ultimately Vijay Singh Pathik took over the leadership and the movement resulted in the abolition of Begar and rollback of many taxes.

• Note that the Begun Peasant Movement was against Thakur Anoop Singh.

The correct answer is Muhammad bin Tughluq.

• Ibn Batuta's full name was Muhammad bin Abdullah ibn Battuta.

Key Points

• Ibn Battuta was the greatest of the Muslim travellers.
• He is estimated to have travelled about 75,000 miles.
• Hardly any other traveller of that era has travelled so long.
• He went on to tour the world at the age of 22 and roamed continuously for 30 years.
• During his visit to India, he reached the court of Muhammad Tughluq, where, impressed by his intelligence, Muhammad Tughluq appointed him as Qazi.

Additional Information

• Alauddin Khilji was the ruler of the Khilji dynasty who ruled over the Delhi Sultanate.
  • He is well known for his effective administration related to controlling prices, revenues, and societal development.
• Iltutmish is the first Muslim ruler who ruled from Delhi and is also considered the founder of the Delhi Sultanate.
  • He was the third of the Mamluk dynasty.
• Firoz Shah Tughluq was the ruler of the Tughlaq dynasty who ruled over Delhi from 1351 to 1388. He was succeeded by Muhammad Bin Tughlaq.

Important Points

Tughluq Dynasty (1320 to 1413):

• Ghiyas-ud-din Tughluq or Ghazi Malik was the founder of the Tughluq dynasty.
• Ghiyas-ud-din reinstated order in his empire.
• He brought Bengal, Utkala or Orissa, and Warangal under his control.
• The Mongol leaders who invaded North India were seized and confined by him.
• In 1325 A.D. Ghiyas-ud-din was crushed to death while attending an event for his victories in Bengal.
• Junakhan, the crown prince succeeded him.

Lodi Dynasty (1451 to 1526):

• Bahlul Lodi was the founder of the Lodi Dynasty.
• Sultanate Period ended with Lodi Dynasty.
• He took various measures to gratify his nobles.
• Gwalior, Samthal, Sakit, Mewat was conquered by Bahlul Lodi.
• He died in 1489 A.D.

Slave Dynasty (1206 to 1290):

• The first ruler of the Mamluk Dynasty.
• Mamluk Dynasty is also called the Slave Dynasty.
• Sold as a slave to Muhammad Ghori, the ruler of Ghor in Afghanistan.
• Aibak became Ghori’s trusted general and commander.
• He was given charge of Ghori’s Indian possessions after 1192.
• When Ghori was assassinated, Aibak declared himself Sultan of Delhi in 1206.
• Started construction of the Quwwat-ul-Islam mosque in Delhi. This is one of the first Islamic monuments in India.
• He began the construction of Qutb Minar in Delhi.
• He reigned till his death in 1210. He was said to have been trampled to death by a horse.
• He was succeeded by Aram Shah.

 Khilji Dynasty (1290 to 1320):

• Jalal-ud-din Firoz Khilji was the founder of the Khilji Dynasty.
• He was also called “Clemency Jalal-uddin” as he followed peace and wanted to rule without violence. 
• He suppressed Malik Chhajju’s revolt at Kara
• He appointed Ala-ud-din Khilji as the Governor of Kara. Alauddin was his son-in-law and also nephew.
• In 1292 A.D. Jalal-ud-din defeated the Mongols who had come up to Sunam.
• Jalal-ud-din was treacherously murdered by Ala-ud-din Khilji his son-in-law.