Question Discussion & Solution

The correct answer is Both (A) and (R) are correct, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).

Key Points

• The scope of judicial review before Indian courts has emerged in three dimensions: 
  • To establish fairness in administrative action
  • To protect the guaranteed constitutional fundamental rights
  • To rule on questions of legislative competence between the center and the states

Option 4 is the correct answer: Parliament can set a condition for employment within the state or union territory under article 16.

• Article 16 comes under part III of our constitution which talks about Fundamental Rights.
• This article deals with equality in the matters of Public Employment.
• It states that no citizen should be discriminated on the grounds of only religion, caste, sex, race, descent or place of birth/ residence.
• However, it also provides three exceptions as follows in this regard:
  • Allows parliament to prescribe residence as a condition for employment in certain cases.
  • Reservations in favour of Backward classes.
  • religion as a condition for appointment to an office related to a religious institution.

The correct answer is Mohan Lal Sukhadia.

Key Points

• Mohan Lal Sukhadia was an Indian politician who served as the Chief Minister of the state of Rajasthan for 17 years from 1954 to 1971.
• He is also known as "Founder of Modern Rajasthan".
• He also served as the Governor of Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, and Tamil Nadu.
• He became the Chief Minister at the age of 38 and was responsible for bringing major reforms and development in Rajasthan.

Additional Information

•  Heera Lal Devpura
  • ​Hira Lal Devpura was the Chief Minister of Rajasthan state in India from 23 February 1985 to 10 March 1985.
  • Heera Lal Devpura was the Chief Minister for only 15 days.
• Ashok Gehlot
  • ​Ashok Gehlot is an Indian politician serving as the current Chief Minister of Rajasthan.
  • He held this position from December 1998 to 2003, and from 2008 to 2013, and again from 17 December 2018.

The correct answer is The British North-American Act.

Key Points

• The concept of "A Union of States in the Indian Constitution" has been derived from The British North-American Act.
• Federation with a strong Centre is what we call A Union of States in the Indian Constitution hence it is taken from the Canadian constitution i.e  The British North-American Act.

Additional Information

• Concept of Concurrent list, Article 108, Joint sitting of the two houses and Freedom of trade and commerce is taken from Australian Constitution.
• Impeachment of the president, Functions of president and vice-president, Removal of Supreme Court and High court judges, Fundamental Rights, Judicial review, Independence of the judiciary, and the Preamble of the constitution of the Indian constitution is taken from the constitution of the USA.
• Centrifugal form of federalism where the center is stronger than the states, Residuary powers vest with the center, Centre appoints the Governors at the states, Advisory jurisdiction of the supreme court of the constitution of the Indian constitution is taken from the constitution of Canada.
• Fundamental duties and ideals of justice (social, economic, and political),  expressed in the Preamble are taken from the constitution of Russia.
• Concepts of Republic and Ideals of Liberty, Equality, and Fraternity (contained in the Preamble) are taken from the constitution of France.
• Fundamental Rights are suspended during Emergencies are taken from the constitution of Germany.
• The election of members of the Rajya Sabha and the Amendment of the Constitution is taken from the constitution of South Africa.
• The concept of procedure established by Law is taken from the constitution of Japan.

The correct answer is Smriti Irani, Piyush Goyal and Ramesh Pokhriyal Nishank.

• The government launched the website of the India Toy Fair- 2021 on 11 February 2021.
• The website was launched jointly by Minister of Textiles Smriti Irani, Commerce and Industry Minister Piyush Goyal and Education Minister Ramesh Pokhriyal Nishank in New Delhi.
• India’s first-ever toy fair will be held from 27 February to 2 March 2021.