Question Discussion & Solution

The correct answer is (i) only.

Key Points

• CD-R stands for Compact Disk-Recordable.
• CD-RW stands for Compact Disk-ReWritable.
• CD-RW disks are expensive than CD-R disks.
• CD-R (COMPACT DISC – Recordable) is a digital optical disc storage format.
• A CD-R disc is a compact disc that can be written once and read arbitrarily many times.
• CD-R discs (CD-Rs) are readable by most plain CD readers.

Additional Information

• A Compact Disc Recordable (CD-R) is a Write Once Read Multiple (WORM) disc.
• These discs can only record data once and then the data becomes permanent on the disc.
• A Compact Disc Re-Writable (CD-RW) is an erasable disc that can be reused. 
• A CD-R is typically 700 MB of memory.

The correct answer is Home Page.

Key Points

• ​HOME PAGE:
  • ​The primary webpage that we usually view as the first page at a website is known as its Home Page.
  • The page generally contains links and a search box to facilitate navigation to other pages.
  • The home page is made in a user-friendly and attractive style in order to invite users to create an account.

​Additional Information

• WEB PAGE:
  • A particular page contained in a website that deals with a specific collection of content.
  • If we take a website as a book, then a webpage corresponds to a paper page of the book.
• WEBSITE:
  • A collection of web pages that contain information on a particular topic, identified by a common domain name and published on at least one web server, is termed as a website.
  • Types of Websites - personal website, e-commerce website, social website, malware website, government site, phishing website, etc.
• WEB BROWSER:
  • ​It is a software application that enables us to connect to a website's server and display its web pages, i.e. it is required for accessing the World Wide Web.

The correct answer is Trap doors.

The Trap doors are code that recognizes some special sequence of input or is triggered by being run from a certain user ID by an unlikely sequence of events.

Key Points

• Trap Door:
  • A trap door is a secret entry point into a program that allows anyone to gain access to any system without going through the usual security access procedures.
  • It is a method of bypassing normal authentication methods.
  • Hence it is also known as a back door.
  • It is used by the Programmers to debug and test programs. 
  • It can become a threat when any dishonest programmers gain illegal access. 

Additional Information

• A standalone malicious program that may give full control of an infected PC to another PC is called Trojan horse.
• A logic bomb is a small code that is intentionally inserted into a software system and will set off a malicious function when specified conditions are met. 
• A virus is a computer program that can change and replicates itself by modifying other computer programs and inserting its own code. 

The correct answer is DBMS.

Key Points

• A Database is an organized collection of data so that it can be easily accessed and managed.
• DBMS stands for Database Management System.
• A Database Management System (DBMS) is software designed to store, retrieve, define, and manage data in a database.
• Database Management System removes redundancy and Integrity.
• Database Management System reduces Application Development Time.
• DBMS follows the concepts of Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, and Durability (normally shortened as ACID).
• DBMS supports a multi-user environment and allows them to access and manipulate data in parallel. 
• Types of DBMS Systems are:
  • Hierarchical Database
  • Network Database
  • Relational Database
  • Object-Oriented Database
• The three-schema architecture of DBMS:

• Some popular DBMS systems:
  • MySQL
  • Microsoft Access
  • Oracle
  • LibreOffice Base
  • Microsoft SQL Server

​Important Points 

• In 1960, Charles Bachman designed the first DBMS system.
• In 1970, Codd introduced IBM'S Information Management System (IMS)
• In 1976, Peter Chen coined and defined the Entity-relationship model also know as the ER model.
• In 1991, Microsoft ships MS Access, a personal DBMS and that displaces all other personal DBMS products.

​​​​ Additional Information 

• Operating System
  • ​An operating system acts as an intermediary between the user of a computer and computer hardware.
  • Operating systems were first developed in the late 1950s to manage tape storage.
  • The General Motors Research Lab implemented the first OS in the early 1950s for their IBM 701.
  • Operating System allows disk access and file systems Device drivers Networking Security.
  • Operating System Handling I/O operations.
  • Operating System has error detection and handling technic.
  • An Operating System is concerned with the allocation of resources and services, such as memory, processors, devices, and information. 
  • The Kernel is the central component of a computer operating system.
• ​Compiler
  • The compiler translates source code written in a high-level language into a set of machine-language.
  • Compilers are very large programs, with error-checking and other abilities.
  • The object code is machine code that the processor can perform one instruction at a time.
  • The first Autocode and compiler in the modern sense were developed by Alick Glennie in 1952.
  • John W. Backus at IBM introduced the first commercially available compiler, in 1957.

The correct answer is 8.

• 1 byte is equal to 8 bits.
• A byte is a unit of information in computer storage and processing and contains 8 bits.

Additional Information