Question Discussion & Solution

The correct answer is Muhammad Bin Tughlaq.

• Muhammad Bin Tughlaq was the ruler of the Delhi sultanate when Ibn Batuta came to India.

Key Points

• Ibn Battuta was a traveller from Morocco.
  • He came to India during the reign of Muhammad bin-Tughlaq (1333-1347).
  • Muhammad bin-Tughlaq was impressed by his scholarship and appointed Ibn Battuta the qazi or judge of Delhi.
  • He was ordered in 1342 to proceed to China as the Sultan’s envoy to the Mongol ruler.
  • His account is often compared with that of Marco Polo, who visited China (and also India) from his home base in Venice in the late thirteenth century.
  • Ibn Battuta’s book of travels called Rihla, written in Arabic provides extremely rich and interesting details about the social and cultural life in the subcontinent in the fourteenth century.

Additional Information

• Alauddin Khilji
  • He was the second sultan of the Khilji dynasty and was the most powerful king of this dynasty. He ruled for about twenty years from 1296 to 1316.
  • He became the sultan of Delhi after killing his uncle and father-in-law Jalaluddin Khilji, the founder of the Khilji dynasty.
  • Alauddin was a very ambitious person and a warmonger.
  • He liked to call himself ‘The Second Alexander’.
  • During his regime, he expanded his kingdom to a large area.
  • He conquered Gujarat, Ranathambor, Mewar, Malwa, Jalore, Warangal, and Madurai.
• Ibrahim Lodhi
  • He was the last king of the Lodhi dynasty and the last sultan of Delhi.
  • He was the son of Sikandar Lodhi. Daulat Khan Lodhi, the Governor of Punjab, invited Bahur to overthrow Ibrahim.
  • He captured Gwalior and was defeated by Rana Sanga of Mewar.
  • He was defeated and killed at the hands of Babur in the First Battle of Panipat in 1526 AD.
• Feroz Shah Tughlaq
  • He was born in 1309 and became sultan of Delhi after the demise of his cousin Muhammad-bin-Tughlaq.
  • He was the third ruler of the Tughlaq dynasty that ruled over Delhi from 1320 to 1412 AD.
  • He was in power from 1351 to 1388 AD.
  • He used to pay his army in-kind i.e Land and not in real money.
  • The British called him the ‘father of the irrigation department’ because of the many gardens and canals that he built like - The canal connecting the Yamuna to the city of Hissar. 

• Marco Polo, an Italian traveller, visited India in the 13th century. 
• His experience is described in his book The Travels of Marco Polo. 
• This book gave the Europeans the first idea regarding Asia, including India, China and Japan. 

The correct answer is Raimal.

Key Points

• Raimal-
  • He was the son of Rana Kumbha.
  • He was married to Rav Jodha's Daughter Shringar Devi.
  • He built Ram, Shankar, and Samayasankat named three ponds in Mewar to promote agriculture.
  • Prithviraj and Sanga were his sons. 
  • He also built Chittorgarh Fort's Adbhut Ji's Shiva Temple.

Additional Information

•  Jagmal-
  • He was the son of  Uday Singh.
  • He was the younger brother of Rana Pratap.
  • He fought the battle of Dattani with Dewra Surtan in 1583 AD.
• Udaykaran-
  • He was the son of Rana Kumbha.
  • He killed his father Rana Kumbha, so he is known as the father killer of Mewar.
• Sangram Singh II-
  • He was the son of Amar Singh II.
  • He was made president of the Hurada conference. 
  • He built Sahelio ki Badi and Vaidhnath Temple in Udaipur.

The correct answer is 3, 4, 2, 1.

Key Points

• The correct chronological order of the above events is 3, 4, 2, 1.
• Khilafat movement was a pan-Islamic movement in India that happened from 1919 to 1924 also known as the Indian Muslim movement.
• The leaders of the Khilafat movement were Shaukat Ali, Maulana Mohammad Ali Jauhar, Hakim Ajmal Khan, and Abul Kalam Azad.
• The Lahore Resolution, also known as the Pakistan Resolution, was passed on 22–24 March 1940.

Additional Information

• Cripps Mission was sent by the British Government in March 1942 to India with the key objective to secure Indian cooperation and support for British War Efforts.
• The Cripps mission was headed by Sir Stafford Cripps.
•  A three-member Cabinet Mission visited India in March 1946 headed by Lord Pethick Lawrence.
• The Cripps Mission was sent by the British government to India in March 1942 to obtain Indian cooperation for the British war efforts in the 2nd World War.
• It was headed by Sir Richard Stafford Cripps, a labour minister in Winston Churchill’s coalition government in Britain.
• Gandhi Ji described Cripps’ offer of dominion status as, “a post-dated cheque drawn on a crashing bank”.
• The Cripps Mission was a failure as it failed to give confidence to Congress about Britain’s intentions (which were not sincere in any case). Neither did the Indian leadership offer support to Britain’s war effort.
• In the same year, Congress started the Quit India Movement in the wake of the mission’s failure.
• Mumbai’s Gowalia Tank Maidan also known as August Kranti Maidan is the place where the quit India movement was launched by Mahatma Gandhi. He along with other leaders gathered here on August 8 and 9, 1942.

• The Khilafat Movement (1919):
• It brought the Muslims & the Hindus on a common platform against the British administration.
• It was one of the most important causes of the Non - Cooperation Movement. 
• The Indian Muslims regarded the Sultan of Turkey as the Caliph.
• Causes that agitated Indian Muslims & forced them to launch the movement are the following:
  • The defeat of Ottoman Turkey (German Ally) & its dissection by Britishers in World War I.
  • Harsh terms of the Treaty of Sevres (1920) on Turkey.
  • Revolts instigated by Britishers in Arab.
• M.A Ansari demanded the restoration of the Arab lands to Calipha in the Muslim League's Annual Session of 1918.
  • It got support from Congress.
• In May 1919, the All India Khilafat Conference was formed in Bombay.
• All Indi Khilafat Committee was set up in September 1919 at Lucknow.
  • President: Seth Chhotani.
  • Secretary: Shaukat Ali.
• Mohammed Ali, Maulana Shaukat Ali, Maulana Azad, Hakim Ajmal Khan & Hasrat Mohani were the leaders of the Khilafat Movement.
• The All - India Khilafat Conference held in November 1919 in Delhi decided to withdraw all government cooperation if the government did not meet its demands.
• Mahatma Gandhi strongly advocated the Khilafat cause.
  • He was elected as the President of the All India Khilafat Conference in November 1919.
• The Central Khilafat Committee meeting at Allahabad in June 1920 declared the programme of Non-Cooperation.

Lahore Resolution:

• The resolution for the establishment of a separate homeland for the Muslims of British India passed in the annual session of the All India Muslim League held in Lahore on 22–24 March 1940 is a landmark document of Pakistan's history.
•  It is a landmark document in the history of Pakistan.

Cabinet Mission Plan:

• This desire for Indian unity was symbolized by the Cabinet Mission, which arrived in New Delhi on 24 March 1946, sent by the British government, in which the subject was the form of a post-independent India.

The correct answer is AD 1773.

Key Points

• Regulating Act 1773:
  • The regulating Act of 1773 was passed by the British Parliament to control the territories of the East India Company majorly in Bengal.
  • This act was passed due to the misgovernment by the British East India government that introduced a situation of bankruptcy and the government had to interfere with the affairs of the Company.
  • This act permitted the company to retain its territorial possessions in India but sought to regulate the activities and functioning of the company.
  • It did not take over power completely, hence called ‘regulating’.
  • The act provided for the appointment of a Governor-General along with four Councillors in the Presidency of Fort William (Calcutta), jointly called the Governor-General in Council.
  • As per this, Warren Hastings was appointed as the Governor-General of the Presidency of Fort William.
  • A Supreme Court was established at Fort William, Calcutta. Sir Elijah Impey was the first Chief Justice.