Question Discussion & Solution

The correct answer is Shimla.

Key Points

• The Conference of 1945 was a pedestal between the Viceroy of India Lord Wavell and the major political leaders of British India in Shimla.
• Convened to give assent on and approbate the Wavell Plan for Indian self-government, and there it reached a potential agreement for the self-rule of India that provided separate representation for Muslims and reduced majority powers for both communities in their majority regions.
• Seeking to assert itself and its demand to be the sole representative of Indian Muslims, the All-India Muslim League refused to back any plan in which the Indian National Congress, the dominant party in the talks, appointed Muslim representatives.

The correct answer is (A) - (2), (B) - (4), (C) - (1), (D) - (3).

Key Points

• Prathana Samaj was founded by Atmaram Pandurang in Bombay in 1867.
• Servants of Indian Society was founded by Gopal Krishna Gokhale in 1905.
• Bombay Presidency Association was founded by Pheroz Shah Mehta in 1885.
• Theosophical Society was founded by Madam Blavatsky in 1875.

Additional Information 

Pherozeshah Mehta

• Pherozeshah Mehta is also known as the 'Father of Municipal Government in India'.
• He was one of the founding members of the Indian National Congress.
• He was the president of the Calcutta Session of INC in 1890.
• Mehta was appointed as Vice-Chancellor of Bombay University in 1910.
• He founded the Bombay Presidency Association in 1885.
• He helped found the Central Bank of India, financed and controlled by Indian interests in 1911.

Atmaram Pandurang

• Prathana Samaj was founded by Atmaram Pandurang in Bombay in 1867.
• He was one of the two Indian co-founders of the Bombay Natural History Society.
• Atmaram Pandurang served briefly as sheriff of Bombay in 1879.

Gopala Krishna Gokhale

• Gopala Krishna Gokhale is popularly known as the 'Socrates of Maharashtra'.
• He is the founder of 'Servants of Indian Society' in 1905.
• The political Guru of Gokhale was M. G. Ranade.
• He was the President of the Benarus Session of INC in 1905.
• Gandhiji regarded him as the Political Guru.
• Tilak called Gokhale the 'Diamond of India'.

Madame Blavatsky

• Helena Petrovna Blavatsky often known as Madame Blavatsky
• Madame Blavatsky was a Russian philosopher.
• She gained an international following as the leading theoretician of Theosophy.
• Theosophical Society was co-founded by Madam Blavatsky in 1875.

The correct answer is 5th.

Key Points

• Shankar Dev Rav committee's recommendations are related to the 5th phase of Rajasthan integration. 
  • The committee's other members  were Shri Prabhu Dayal and R.K. Singhawa
  • On the recommendations of this committee, Matsya Sangh was integrated with Greater Rajasthan.
  • It is known as the United States of Greater Rajasthan​ which happened on 15 May 1949.
    • Its capital was Jaipur.
    • The post of Prime minister was discontinued and the Chief minister's office was constituted.
    • Hiralal Shastri became the first Chief Minister of Rajasthan.

The correct answer is 1820 - 1827 A. D.

Key Points

• Major general Sir Thomas Munro was a Scottish soldier who was appointed the governor of Madras in 1820.
• He served till his death from cholera in 1827.
• He also served as an army officer in the East India Company.

Important Points

• He is behind the drafting of education policy for the Madras Presidency and the introduction of the Ryotwari system in Southern India. Ryotwari system was a system introduced by him to collect land revenue.
• According to this, peasants were the owner of the land and they had all the rights to sell or mortgage the land.
• The tax rate for dry land was 50% and wetland was 60% and if they failed to pay these taxes they were convicted by the government.
• The reason for introducing this system was to eliminate the role of middlemen as was in the zamindari system but it came up with the problem of moneylenders as they further burdened the peasants with their high-interest rates. 

The correct answer is the Luni River.

Important Points

• Tilwara civilization is in the Barmer district at the riverbank of Luni.
• The Mesolithic culture has been excavated from the Tilwara archeological site.

Additional Information

• Evidence was collected and preserved in the government museum of Barmer, Rajasthan.
• Evidence of animal husbandry is also found here.

• Ravi River - Harappan civilization
• kantli River - Sunari civilization
• Kothari River - Bagore civilization