Question Discussion & Solution

The correct answer is Premier Zhou Enlai.

Key Points

•  The Panchsheel, or Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence, was first formally signed on April 28, 1954, between India and the Tibet region of China.
• The agreement was signed between then Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru and China's first Premier (Prime Minister) Chou En-Lai.
• The Panchsheel agreement was about mutual relations and trade between India and Tibet the territory of China.
• In April 1954, India, considering Tibet as part of China, entered into an agreement with China on the principle of 'Panchsheel'.
• The main points of the Panchsheel agreement were;
  • Peaceful co-existence
  • Mutual respect for each other’s territorial integrity and sovereignty
  • Mutual non-interference
  • Mutual non-aggression
  • Equality and mutual benefit
• The Panchsheel Pact had removed the tension between India and China up to a great extent.
• After these treaties, trade, and confidence-building between India and China had gained a lot of strength. 

The correct answer is the Neemuchana massacre.

• Neemuchana is situated near Alwar where the armies of the princely state and the Britishers open fire on innocent people.

Key Points

• At the time of settlement in 1924, taxes on farmers were increased by 25%.
• This aroused a spirit of rebellion among the peasants and Shekhawati Rajputs.
• 'Kisan Sabha' was organized on 16 May 1925 in Neemuchana where armies of princely states and Britishers open fire on innocent people.

 Mangarhdham massacre is known as the 'Jallianwala Bagh tragedy of Rajasthan' but it took place in 1908 and Mahatma Gandhi did not address it as mentioned in the question.

The correct answer is Sarojini Naidu.

Key Points

• Sarojini Naidu:
  • Sarojini Naidu was born on 13 February 1879 in Hyderabad to Bengali parents. 
  • Her father administered the Nizam College in Hyderabad while her mother was a prolific writer.
  • She was the eldest of eight siblings.
  • Sarojini Naidu graduated from the University of Madras and the Nizam Charitable Trust founded by Mahbub Ali Khan gave her a chance to study at Girton College at Cambridge.
  • Sarojini married Pradipati Govindarajulu Naidu after completing her education.
  • The couple would have five children, one of them, Paidipati Padmaja would join the independence struggle and become a part of the Quit India Movement.

The correct answer is Jaunpur.

• The Jaunpur sultanate was ruled by the Sharqi dynasty.
• Malik-ul-Sharq was the founder of the Sharqi Dynasty.
• Malik-ul-Sharq made Jaunpur his capital and established his reign from Etawah to Bengal and Vindhyachal to Nepal.
• The founder of the Sharqi Dynasty, Malik-ul-Sharq, died in 1398 A.D.

The correct answer is Sri Gupta.

• Sri Gupta established the Gupta dynasty.

Key Points

• In Ancient India, the Gupta Dynasty ruled the mid-to-late 3rd century (approximately) to 543 AD.
• Founded by Sri Gupta, the dynasty rose to fame with rulers like Chandragupta-I, Samudragupta.
• The Murundas ruled for only 25 - 30 years.
• Around the last decade of the 3rd century CE (about  275 CE), the dynasty of the Guptas came to power.
• The Gupta empire established its control over a good part of the former dominions of both the Kushanas and the Satavahanas.
• The Guptas (possibly Vaishyas) kept northern India politically united for more than a century (335 CE- 455 CE).
• The Gupta period in ancient India is referred to as the “Golden Age” because of the numerous achievements in the field of arts, literature, science, and technology. It also brought about the political unification of the subcontinent.

​Additional Information

• Sri Gupta
  • ​Founder of the Gupta Dynasty.
  • Reign from 240 CE to 280 CE.
  • Used the title of Maharaja.
• Chandragupta I
  • ​Reigned from 319 CE to 335/336 CE
  • Started the Gupta Era
  • He assumed the title of Maharajadhiraja.
  • Married Lichchavi princess Kumaradevi
• ​Samudragupta
  • ​Called ‘Napolean of India’ by V.A. Smith (Irish Indologist and Art Historian)
  • His campaigns are mentioned in the Eran inscription (Madhya Pradesh)
• ​​Chandragupta II
  • ​Navratnas (9 Gems in his Court)
  • Took the title Vikramaditya
• ​​Kumaragupta I
  • ​Founded Nalanda University
  • He was also called Shakraditya
• ​Vishnugupta
  • ​Last known ruler of the Gupta Dynasty.