Question Discussion & Solution

• In Jainism, a Tirthankara is a saviour and the spiritual teacher of the dharma (righteous path).
• According to Jains, a Tirthankara is a rare individual who has conquered the saṃsāra, the cycle of death and rebirth on his own and has made a path for others to follow.

The correct answer is Vidisha.

Key Points

• The Udayagiri Caves are twenty rock-cut caves near Vidisha, Madhya Pradesh from the early years of the 5th century CE.
• They contain some of the oldest surviving Hindu temples and iconography in India.
• Udayagiri caves contain iconography of Vaishnavism, Shaktism, and Shaivism.
• There are 20 caves of Hinduism and Jainism.
• The Jain cave is notable for one of the oldest known Jaina inscriptions from 425 CE, while the Hindu caves feature inscriptions from 401 CE.
• They are the only site that can be verifiably associated with a Gupta period monarch from its inscriptions belonging to the reigns of Chandragupta II and Kumaragupta I.
• The Udayagiri hills and their caves are protected monuments managed by the Archaeological Survey of India.

Additional Information

• Bhartrihari caves are situated in the Ujjain district of Madhya Pradesh.
• Pandav caves and Adamghar caves are situated in the Hoshangabad district.
• Bagh caves are situated in the Dhar district.

The correct answer is Tripuri.

Key Points

• In the 1939 Tripuri Session, Subhash Chandra Bose Won the elections for the Indian National Congress (INC) president at Tripuri Session by defeating Pattabhi Sitaramayya.
• Gandhi Ji and other members supported Pattabhi Sitaramayya, and Subhash Chandra Bose couldn't work efficiently, therefore, he resigned from the post of Congress president.
• Later, He formed the Forward Bloc in Calcutta in 1939

​Important Points

• The First session of the Indian National Congress was held at Bombay in 1885, and the president was WC Bonnerji.
• 72 delegates from all over India attended the first session.
• The Second session of the Indian National Congress was held at Calcutta in 1886 under the presidentship of Dadabhai Naoroji.
• The Third session of the Indian National Congress was held at Madras in 1887 under the chairmanship of Syed Badruddin Tyabji, the first Muslim President.
• The fourth session of the Indian National Congress was held at Allahabad in 1888 under the presidentship of George Yule, the first English President.

Additional Information

• Mohanjodaro was excavated in 1922 in Larkana district on the banks of Indus.
• It was excavated by a team led by R.D. Banerjee.
• Dhanushkodi is believed to be the place where Lord Ram ordered to build a bridge to connect Sri Lanka, (Ram Setu). It is situated in Tamil Nadu.
• Harappa was excavated in 1920-1921, while it was discovered in the year 1826.
• Kanchi or Kanchipuram is an ancient city in Tamil Nadu.

Option 4 is NOT correct.

Hint

• Harappan beads were made of gold, copper, shell, lapis, lazuli, ivory and a variety of semi-precious stones. 
• Archaeologists have identified bead makers shops on the basis of assemblages of unfinished objects.
• Beads were found at Chanhudaro. But, not in Banawali. So, option 4 is NOT correct.