Question Discussion & Solution

The correct answer is Chanhudaro.

Key Points

• The Harappan site of Chanhudaro was excavated by N.G. Mazumdar in 1931.
• Chanhudaro is located near the banks of the river Indus.
• Chanhudaro is located near Mohenjodaro in present-day Sindh, Pakistan.
• Only Harappan city without a citadel.
• Beads factory was found.
• Evidence of human sacrifice was found here.
• Chanhudaro didn't have any fortified structure.

Additional Information

The correct answer is 1952.

Key Points

• The first general elections were held in the year 1952 in India. Indian national congress won the landslide victory and Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru became the first Prime Minister.

Additional Information

• The part results of the first general elections of India were announced on 10 February 1952, 64 years ago.
• The day is also celebrated as India's first democratic leap. Indian National Congress (INC) had won the elections with 364 seats out of 489 seats.
• CPI is the party that finished second with 16 seats as they got about 3.29 percent votes and SOC finished third in the elections with 10.59 percent votes and winning 12 seats
• Approximately 45 percent of the total votes were polled for INC in the first Lok Sabha elections.

The correct answer is Anand Math.

• The National song of India, ‘Vande Matram’ has been taken from Anand Math.

Key Points

• Anand Math:
  • It was authored by Bankim Chandra Chatterjee.
  • The book was originally written in 1882.
  • Anandamath takes the reader back to Bengal in the clutches of the famine, the backdrop of the pre-independence struggle and the turmoil of human lives caught in this frame of time. 
  • It is considered one of the most remarkable works of the Bangla language and Indian literature.
  • Through the book, Bankim also gave us the song ‘VandeMataram’which became the rallying call for rebels.
  • The first two stanzas eventually became the National song of India.
  • One of the gems of Indian Literature, ‘Anandmath’ carries a deep sentiment of nationalism which was the essence of the freedom struggle.

Additional Information

• The 'Neel Darpan' published in 1860 portrays the plight of indigo cultivators was created by Deenbandhu Mitra.
• The first play ever commercially staged was Neel Darpan in 1872.
• It was translated by Micheal Madhusudan Dutta and it was published by

The correct answer is Takshashila 

• Gandhara was an ancient kingdom situated along the Kabul and Swat rivers of Afghanistan and Pakistan.
• The capital of Gandhara was Takshashila also known as Taxila.
• 16 kingdoms were included in Mahajanapadas.
• Ancient Buddhist Literature, Anguttara Nikaya text gives the list 16 Mahajanapadas.
• They are - Kashi, Kosala, Anga, Magadha, Vajji, Malla, Chedi, Vatsa, Kuru, Panchala, Machcha, Surasena, Assaka, Avanti, Gandhara and Kamboja.
• These Mahajanpadas are either Monarchy or a Republics (Ganasanghas).
• The important Republics of this period were the Sakyas of Kapilavastu and the Licchavis of Vaishali.
• The important monarchical Mahajanpadas of this period were Kaushambi (Vatsa), Magadha, Kosala, and Avanti.

Key Points

• The civil Disobedience Movement was started by Mahatma Gandhi.
• The observance of Independence Day in 1930 was followed by the launching of the Civil Disobedience Movement under the leadership of Gandhi.
• It began with the famous Dandi March of Gandhi. On 12 March 1930, Gandhi left the Sabarmati Ashram at Ahmadabad on foot with 78 other members of the Ashram for Dandi, a village on the western sea-coast of India, at a distance of about 385 km from Ahmadabad.
• They reached Dandi on 6 April 1930. There, Gandhi broke the salt law.
• It was illegal for anyone to make salt as it was a government monopoly.
• Gandhi defied the government by picking up a handful of salt which had been formed by the evaporation of sea.
• The defiance of the salt law was followed by the spread of Civil Disobedience Movement all over the country.
• Making of salt spread throughout the country in the first phase of the civil disobedience movement, it became a symbol of the people’s defiance of the government.

Additional Information​

• It shattered people’s faith in the British Government and laid the social root for the freedom struggle, and popularised the new method of propaganda like the prabhat pheris, pamphlets etc.
• It ended the exploitative salt policy of British was followed by the defiance of forest law in Maharashtra, Karnataka and Central province and the refusal  to pay the rural ‘Chaukidari tax’ in Eastern India.