Question Discussion & Solution

The correct answer is option 4 i.e. Arjunlal Sethi and Kapoorchand Patni

• In 1931 Jaipur Praja Mandal was established by Arjunlal Sethi and Kapoorchand Patni.
• It was restablished in 1938 by Jamnalal Bajaj and Hiralal Shashtri.
• Bharatpur Praja mandal was established by Kishan Lal Joshi and Master Adityendra in 1938.
• The Praja Mandal movement in Kishangarh Region was started by Kantilal Chothani and Jamalshah in 1939.

The correct answer is Tarun Rajasthan.

• After the closure of the newspaper named 'Naveen Rajasthan', it was published again as Tarun Rajasthan.

Key Points

• Tarun Rajasthan
  • After the establishment of Rajasthan Seva sangha in 1922, a newspaper named Naveen Rajasthan was started by it.
  • It used to run many mass movements.
  • The bijolia movement gained much importance due to this.
  • Due to this was banned in Mewar and also the arrival of Pathik in Mewar.
  • After the closure of the newspaper named 'Naveen Rajasthan', it was published again as Tarun Rajasthan.
  • It was started under the editorship of Ramnarayan Chaudhary and Shobhalal Gupt.

Additional Information

• Press development in Rajasthan​
  • First, the Christian missionaries in Rajasthan established the 'Litho Press' at Beawar in 1864 AD.
  • In Rajasthan, the first 'Marwar Gazette' was published from Jodhpur in August 1866.
  • Maharana Sajjan Singh in Udaipur published Sajjan Kirti Sudhakar (Government Gazette) in 1879 AD. This was the first fortnightly paper.
  • Maulvi Murad Ali first started publishing 'Rajputana Gazette' from Ajmer in 1882.
  • In 1882 Munshi Munnalal Sharma started the publication of 'Deshitaishi' monthly newspaper.
  • Hanuman Singh 'Rajputana Herald' in 1885 AD.
  • In 1927, Haribhau Upadhyaya published 'Tyag Bhoomi' for the purpose of propagating Gandhian ideology.
  • Other important newspaper
    • Prabhat - 1932
    • Navjyoti - 1936  by Capt. Durgaprasad Chaudhary
    • Jaipur News - 1935
    • Navajivan - Kanak Madhukar from Ajmer in 1939 AD
    • Lokvani - Devishankar Tiwari in 1943 AD

The correct answer is Kushans.

• Kushans were the first kings to issue the largest hoards of gold coins in India.

Key Points

• Kushanas Coins:
  • Kushanas issued mostly gold coins and numerous copper coins which have been found in most parts of North India up to Bihar.
  • The Gold Dinara's or Suvarnas were based on the Roman denarius and were of 124 grains (8.04 grams).
    • Double and quarter Dinaras were also issued. The copper coins were large, from 26 to 28 Masas or 240 to 260 grains (15.55 to 16.85) grams.
  • The coins of Vima Kadphises bear the figure of Siva standing beside a bull.
  • In the legend on these coins, the king calls himself Maheshwara, i.e. devotee of Siva.
    • Kanishka, Huvishka and Vasudeva etc. all have this depiction on their coins.
  • Many Indian gods and goddesses are depicted on Kushana coins besides many Persian and Greek deities.

Additional Information

• Indo-Greek Coins:
  • The Indo-Greek coins show beautiful artistic features them.
  • The portrait or bust of the king on the obverse side appears to be real portraits. On the reverse, some deity is depicted.
  • We know that more than forty Indo-Greek rulers ruled in a small north-western region of India from these coins.
• Pre Guptan and Guptan Coins:
  • Gupta kings issued the most number of Gold coins.
  • The Satavahanas issued coins of lead and potin (base silver).
  • Satavahanas’ copper coins with the Ujjain symbol bearing a ship were abundant in Avanti.
  • The gold coins of the Guptas (Dinara) originally approximated to the Kushana standard, but in the middle of the 5th century rose in weight to 144 grains, thus returning to the Indian standard of the copper Karsapana.

Mistake Points

• Gupta kings issued the most number of Gold coins whereas Kushans were the first kings to issue the largest hoards of gold coins in India.

Solution Source - https://ncert.nic.in/textbook/pdf/lehs102.pdf (Pg No. 44)

The correct answer is Jai Prakash Narayan.

Key Points

• Jai Prakash Narayan:
  • Jayaprakash Narayan, generally referred to as JP or Lok Nayak, was an Indian independence activist, revolutionist, theorist, socialist and political leader.
  • He is better known as the "Hero of Quit India Movement" and he is memorized for leading the mid-1970s opposition against Prime Minister Indira Gandhi, for whose overthrow he had called for a "total revolution".
  • His biography, Jayaprakash, was authored by his nationalist friend and the writer of Hindi literature, Rambriksh Benipuri.
  • In 1999, he was posthumously awarded the Bharat Ratna, India's highest civilian award, in the esteem of his social work.
  • Other awards awarded to him were the Magsaysay award for Public Service in 1965.

Additional Information

• Rajendra Prasad:
  • He was the 1st President of Independent India.
  • He joined the organisation in 1911 and a few years later, he met Mahatma Gandhi.
  • He participated in the non-cooperation movement in 1920.
  • He took an active part in the rehabilitation work after the 1914 floods and the 1934 earthquake in Bihar.
  • Dr Prasad became the Congress president in 1934 at its Bombay session.
  • He was chosen president once again in 1939.
  • He spent almost 3 years in jail after the Quit India Movement.
• Braj Kishore:
  • Brajkishore Prasad was a lawyer inspired by Mohandas Gandhi during the Indian Independence Movement.
  • He was instrumental in Gandhi taking up the Champaran and Kheda Satyagraha, in which Gandhi handpicked Rajendra Prasad and Anugrah Narayan Sinha along with him to successfully lead the movement.
  • Gandhi was so impressed by Prasad's dedication that he set aside a full chapter on him in his autobiographical book, The Story of My Experiments with Truth, called "The Gentle Bihari".
• Sri Krishna Sinha:
  • He was the 1st Chief Minister of Bihar.
  • He was known as “Babu Kesari” for his lionlike roars when he rose to address the masses.
  • His close friend and prominent Gandhian, Dr Anugrah Narayan Singh wrote an essay for him titled “Mere Shri Babu”.
  • He wrote –  “ Since 1921, the history of Bihar has been the history of life”.

Humayun is NOT correct.

• Mirza Raja Jai Singh did not serve Humayun.

Key Points

• MIrza King Jai Singh-
  • He was the son of Man Singh I.
  • He served three Mughal kings (Jahangir, Sahajahan and Aurangzeb).
  • During the Gandhara campaign, Shah Jahan gave him the title of Mirza King.
  • His first campaign was against Malik Ambar of Ahmed Nagar in 1623 AD.
  • In the Battle of Dharmat (1658 AD), he sided with Darashikoh against Aurangzeb.
  • In 1665 AD, he signed a treaty with Shivaji, known as the Treaty of Purandar.
  • The foreign Manuchi has described this eye-sight treaty.