Question Discussion & Solution

By 1900 BC many Indus cities had been abandoned. Historians believe things started to fall apart around 1700 BC. There were many factors which led to the collapse of Harrapan civilisation-

One important factor was the changes to the geography and climate of the area.

• Located on the bank of Indus River in the southern province of Sindh, Mohenjodaro was built around 2400 BC. It was destroyed at least seven times by the floods and rebuilt on the top of ruins each time as there is evidence of silt on houses and streets of the civilisation.
• The main cities were closely linked to the river, so changes in the river flow would have had a terrible effect on them. Repeated flooding may have led to a build-up of salt in the soil, making it hard to grow crops.
• It is believed that at the same time, the Ghagger Hakra River (another river in the area) dried up. People were forced to abandon many of the cities located along its banks, such as Kalibangan and Banawali. 

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The correct answer is 1952.

Key Points

• The first general elections were held in the year 1952 in India. Indian national congress won the landslide victory and Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru became the first Prime Minister.

Additional Information

• The part results of the first general elections of India were announced on 10 February 1952, 64 years ago.
• The day is also celebrated as India's first democratic leap. Indian National Congress (INC) had won the elections with 364 seats out of 489 seats.
• CPI is the party that finished second with 16 seats as they got about 3.29 percent votes and SOC finished third in the elections with 10.59 percent votes and winning 12 seats
• Approximately 45 percent of the total votes were polled for INC in the first Lok Sabha elections.

The correct answer is Sohgaura.

• Sohgaura - 
  • It is not a Harappan site.
  • It is an Ashokan era copper plate inscription written in Prakrit in the Brahmi script. 
• Major findings in Kot Diji (Pakistan) of Harappan site are a tar, statues of bull and mother goddess.
• Major findings in Chanhudaro (Pakistan) of Harappan site are the footprint of a dog chasing a cat, Bead makers shop, and Cart with a seated driver.
• Major findings in Desalpur (Gujarat) of Harappan site are pottery ware with lines of bluish-green pigment, Terracotta seals etc.

The correct answer is Mansingh I.

Key Points

• Mansingh I-
  • He was the son of Bhagwant Das.
  • His first coronation took place in Patna, while his second coronation took place in Amber.
  • He was one of the Navaratnas of Akbar.
  • He played a major role in suppressing the Afghan rebellion in Bengal, Odisha, and Bihar.
  • The Mughal emperor Akbar gave him the titles of Farzand and Raja.
  • He also received seven thousand mansabdari from Akbar.
  • He first went for the Ranthambore campaign with Akbar in 1569 AD.
  • He was the chief commander of Akbar in the battle of Haldighati.

Additional Information

• Mirza Jai Singh-
  • He gave services to three Mugal Kings (Jahangir, Saha Jahan, and Aurangzeb).
  • In the Battle of Dharmat​ (1658 AD), he gave company to Darashikoah against Aurangzeb.
  • In 1665 AD, he signed a Treaty with Shivaji, which is known as Purandar Treaty.
  • Shahjahan gave him the Mirza King title during the Gandhar campaign.
• Bharmal-
  • He first met Akbar in 1556 AD with the help of Majnu Khan.
  • He accepted Akbar's humility with the help of Changtai Khan in 1562 AD.
  • He was the first Kachwaha ruler who established matrimonial relations with the Mughals.
• Bhagwant Das-
  • Akabar gave him five thousand Mansabdari due to his bravery.
  • He was the leader of the third delegation, which was sent to convince Rana Pratap
  • His daughter Manbai was married to Jahangir.

The correct answer is Ram Singh I.

Key Points

• Ram Singh I-
  • He was the son of Mirza Raja Jai Singh.
  • When Shivaji was brought to Agra, Shivaji was caged in his Haveli.
  • Kulpati Mishar, Dalpati Ram, Shankar Bhatt, and Ganesh Deol were his courtier scholars.

Additional Information

• Some other important scholars in different ruler's time-
  • Mansingh I- Muraridan, Jagannath
  • Sawai Pratap Singh- Brijpal Bhatt, Vanshidhar Bhatt, Dwarkanath Bhatt, Chand Khan, Ganpati Bharti, etc.

Important Points