Question Discussion & Solution

The correct answer is Mehrgarh

• Mehrgarh is a neolithic site located near the Bolan pass on the Kacchi Plain of Balochistan, Pakistan, to the west of the Indus River Valley.
• It is the earliest known neolithic site in the Northwest Indian sub-continent, with early evidence of farming (wheat and barley), herding (cattle, sheep, and goats), and metallurgy.
• The oldest known example of the wax-lost techniques comes from a 6000-year-old wheel-shaped copper amulet found at Mehrgarh.

Additional Information 

The correct answer is ​Widespread discontentment among peasants against oppressive practices of Zamindars.

Key Points

• The Bengal Tenancy Act 1885 was an enactment of the Bengal British government that defined the rights of zamindars lords and their tenants in response to a widespread peasant revolt.
• It was mainly in response to widespread peasant discontent against oppressive practices of Zamindars emerging from Act X of 1859.
  • The zamindars resorted to enhanced rents beyond legal limits and prevented the tenants from acquiring occupancy rights under Act X of 1859.  
• During the 1870s and 1880s, large parts of Eastern Bengal witnessed agrarian unrest caused by oppressive practices of the zamindars, popularly referred to as Pabna Agrarian Revolt.
• To achieve their ends, the zamindars resorted to forcible evictions, seizure of cattle and crops and prolonged, costly litigation in courts where the poor peasant found himself at a disadvantage.  
• Having had enough of the oppressive regime, the peasants of Yusufshahi Pargana in Patna district formed an agrarian league or combination to resist the demands of the zamindars.  
• The League organised a rent strike where the ryots refused to pay the enhanced rents, challenging the zamindars in the courts.
• Funds were raised by ryots to fight the court cases.
• The struggles spread throughout Patna and to other districts of then East Bengal. 
• The main form of struggle was that of legal resistance; there was very little violence.
• Though the peasant discontent continued to linger on till 1885, most of the cases had been solved, partially through official persuasion and partially because of zamindars' fears.
• Many peasants were able to acquire occupancy rights and resist enhanced rents. The Government also passed the Bengal Tenancy Act in 1885.
• A number of young Indian intellectuals including Bankim Chandra Chatterjee, R.C. Dutt and the Indian Association under Surendranath Banerjee supported the peasants' cause.

🔑 Key Points

• Maharana Pratap of Mewar is celebrated for his relentless resistance against the Mughal Empire, particularly Emperor Akbar.
• He fought the Battle of Haldighati in 1576 against the Mughal forces led by Man Singh I.

• Marco Polo, an Italian traveller, visited India in the 13th century. 
• His experience is described in his book The Travels of Marco Polo. 
• This book gave the Europeans the first idea regarding Asia, including India, China and Japan. 

The correct answer is 1 and 2 only.

• The Hindu Widow Remarriage Act came into force on 16th July 1856 which legalize the marriage of a widow.
• The act was enacted on July 26th, 1856.
• The main personality who fought for Widow Remarriage was Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar and Veerasalingam Pantulu.
• The first Governor-General of India Lord William Bentick had also abolished Sati Custom.
• The Hindu Remarriage Act 1856 or Act XV, 1856 not only provide protection but also aimed at safeguarding the condition of men who married widows.
• It was one of the most important social reforms towards the empowerment of women.
• The Act was passed by Lord Canning and was drafted by Lord Dalhousie.
• The act was popular among both rich and poor classes in the history of India.

Image of Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar:

Image of Veersalingam Pantulu: