Question Discussion & Solution

The correct answer is Chittaranjan Das.

Key Points

• Chittaranjan Das was the President of the Gaya Session of the Indian National Congress held in 1922.
• List of Presidents in their respective Sessions and years:
  • Chittaranjan Das - Gaya Session, 1922.
  • S.N.Banerjee - Pune Session, 1895 and Ahmedabad Session, 1902.
  • Dr. Rajendra Prasad - Bombay Session, 1934.
  • Hakim Ajmal Khan -  Ahmedabad Session, 1921.

The correct answer is Udayin.

Key Points

• Udayin (460BC - 444 BC) was the son and successor of Ajatashatru.
• Udayin laid the foundation of the city of Pataliputra at the confluence of two rivers, the Son and the Ganges.
• He shifted the capital from Rajagriha to Patliputra.
• He defeated Palaka of Avanti multiple times but was ultimately killed by him in 444 BC.

Additional Information

• Bimbisara (Shronika) (544 BC - 492 BC) was the founder of the Haryanaka Dynasty.
  • He was contemporary to Gautama Buddha.
  • He built the city of New Rajagriha.
• Ajatashatru was the son of Bimbisara and a king of the Haryanka dynasty of Magadha.
  • He killed his father and seized the throne.
  • Magadha under Ajatashatru became the most powerful kingdom in North India.
• Mahapadma Nanda was the first Emperor of the Nanda Empire of ancient India.
  • He is known as Sarvakshatrantak i.e., Uproter of all the Kshatriyas (Purans), and Ugrasena i.e., Owner of the huge army (Pali texts).
  • He was succeeded by his eight sons and Dhana Nanda was the last one.

The correct answer is 24.

Key Points

• The national flag has three horizontal stripes of equal proportions in the tricolour -
  • The saffron colour at the top
  • White at the middle 
  • Green at the bottom.
• The length-width ratio of the flag is 3: 2. There is a blue circle in the middle of the white stripe.
• The saffron colour at the top shows the strength and courage of the country.
• The white stripe in the middle is a sign of peace and truth with the Dharma Chakra.
• The green colour signifies the auspiciousness, growth, and fertility of the country.
• Its format is taken from the chakra built on the Lion Pillar of Ashoka in Sarnath.
• Its diameter is approximately equal to the width of the white band and it has 24 spokes.
• The constituent assembly of India adopted the format of the national flag on 22 July 1947.

Additional Information

• The Indian national flag tricolour was designed by Pingali Venkayya.
• The "National Flag" symbolizes the independence and sovereignty of any country.
• In 1947 a committee was formed under the chairmanship of Rajendra Prasad to select the national flag of India.
• The Supreme Court in 2002 declared the right to hoist the flag as a fundamental right under Article 19 (i) (a) of the constitution.

The correct answer is Pre Harappan Civilization

• The ancient site at Kot Diji was found before the Indus Civilization or Haddapan Civilization.
•  Time Period: 3300 BCE.
• The remains consist of two parts; the citadel area on high ground and the outer area.
•  The Pakistan Department of Archaeology excavated at Kot Diji in 1955 and 1957.
• Kot Diji is distanced about 24 kilometers south of Khairpur in the province of Sindh, Pakistan.
• It is on the east bank of the Indus opposite Mohenjo-Daro.

• The terms Early Harappan and Harappan (were discovered in 1921).
• These are relating respectively to periods or cultures that preceded the appearance of city life in the Indus valley and to the Indus civilization itself.

The correct answer is Durga.

Key Points

• The Vedic period is divided into the Early Vedic period and the Later Vedic period.
• During the early Vedic period, there were mainly 33 Gods.
• They were Prithvi, Agni, Soma, Brahaspati, Rivers, Indra, Rudra, Surya, Varuna, Aditi, Usha, and Ashvin.
• Among these Indra, Agni and Varuna were the most popular during that period.
• During the later Vedic period, previous Gods lost their relevance, and now Prajapati (creator of the Universe) also known as Brahma, Vishnu, and Rudra (Shiva) become the main Gods.