Question Discussion & Solution

The correct answer is cotton and wool.

Key Points

• The Indus Valley people wore clothes made of cotton and wool.
• John Marshall was the first scholar to use the term ‘Indus Valley Civilisation.
• Dayaram Sahni first discovered Harappa Civilisation in 1921.
• R.D. Banerjee discovered Mohenjodaro or Mound of the Dead in 1922.

The correct answer is Mewar.

• Mewar did NOT establish matrimonial relations with the Mughals.

Additional Information

Some important matrimonial relations of Rajputs with the Mughals as follow-

• Siddhartha also was known as Buddha got his enlightenment in Gaya located in the Indian state of Bihar.
• Buddha obtained enlightenment under a tree which is now popularly known as the Bodhi Tree.
• Bodh Gaya is the most sacred place for the Buddhists.
• Buddha achieved Mahaparinirvana around 484 BCE in the town of Kushinagar in north India.
• Buddha gave his first sermon in Sarnath.

The correct answer is The partition of Bengal done by Lord Curzon.

Key Points

• The immediate cause for the launch of the Swadeshi Movement was the partition of Bengal done by Lord Curzon.
• Swadeshi Movement
  • This was a comprehensive movement that lasted 6 years.
  • Although this was regarded as a cultural movement celebrating the rich harvest of history, the rich traditions like folk music, paintings, the culture of Bengal were highlighted.
  • But very soon, it got integrated with the political upheavals that followed after the partition of Bengal. Krishna Kumar Mitra, in his newspaper, ‘Sanjivani’ highlighted the prospects of national education and ‘Economic Swadeshi’.
  • Very soon, this movement started gaining momentum with the help of the entire Bengali middle-class intelligentsia.
  • After the partition of Bengal, the Swadeshi movement got a big boost, because of the integration of the boycott movement with the Swadeshi movement.
  • Tilak called this movement “Bahishkar Yoga“ and most of the Bengali intelligentsia that was initially not in favor of the boycott movement got integrated with the Swadeshi movement.
  • This was primary learning for the national movement.
  • According to Bal Gangadhar Tilak, and Lala Lajpat Rai, it was training in ‘self-determination’, ‘self-help’, and ‘self-reliance’.

Additional Information

• Lord Curzon
  • Curzon came up with the idea to suppress the rising tide of nationalism.
  • With the publication of the book, ‘Indian Musalman’, by Sir Syed Ahmad Khan, and with his active alliance, the attitude of the British towards Muslims changed significantly.
  • Thus Curzon wanted to ensure that the minority consciousness should be used against the majority and that this would then break the solidarity of Indian society, and in turn, break the solidarity of the Indian National Movement as well.
  • Thus, his active agenda was to create a feeling of minority consciousness.
  • The ‘Partition of Bengal’ was at the core of his policies.
  • The population of Bengal was balanced - where Hindus and Muslims were numerically almost equal.
  • Their consciousness was that of a Bengali consciousness and not at all a religious contradiction between Hindus and Muslims, and the Bengali intelligentsia was primarily responsible for the spread of nationalism in different parts of India.

The correct answer is 1936 AD.

• The All India Farmers Union is also known as Akhil Bhartiya Kisan Sabha was formed in April 1936 in the Lucknow session of the Indian National Congress. 

Key Points

• It is an organization that worked for the peasants and the rights of the farmers and against the feudal movement in India. 
• Sahajanand Saraswati was the first president of All India Kisan Sabha and was the founder of Bihar Provincial Kisan Sabha and was also an important pillar of the Bihar Kisan Sabha Movement.
• NG Ranga was secretary of All India Kisan Sabha
• Under Rajendra Prasad, a committee was set up to study the conditions of farmers.
• The main aim of Akhil Bhartiya Kisan Sabha was to abolish the zamindari system, institutionalize credit, and reduce land revenue.