Question Discussion & Solution

The correct answer is 1-A, 2-B, 3-D, 4-C.

Additional Information

• Bengu peasant movement:
  • It was started in 1921 AD.
  • It was lead by Ram Narayan Chaudhary.
  • In Bengu, 25 types of lag-bag were taken by farmers.
• Bundi peasant movement:
  • It was started in 1922 AD.
  • Pandit Nayanuram Sharma was the main leader of it.
  • Arzi song was sung by Manikya Lal Verma in this movement.
  • Nanak Ji Bhil and Devilal Gurjar were also played a significant role in this movement.
• Nimuchana peasant movement:
  • It was started in 1925 AD.
  • Tarun Rajasthan described this movement on 31 May 1925.
  • Gandhi Ji said that it was severed from the Jaliyawala Bagh massacre and called it a double massacre.
  • Sitadevi played a significant role in it by leading women.
• Udasar peasant movement:
  • It was started in 1937 AD.
  • It was the first movement in relation to lag-bag.
  • Jeevan Chaudhary was the main leader of it.

The correct answer is Swami Dayanand Saraswati.

Key Points

• Arya Samaj is a Hindu reform movement founded by 'Swami Dayanand Saraswati'.
  • Dayanand Saraswati had inspired the Arya Samaj from Swami Virjanand of Mathura in Bombay in 1875.
  • Arya Samaji believed in pure Vedic tradition and rejected idol worship, avatars, sacrifice, false rituals, and superstitions.
  • In this, untouchability and caste discrimination were opposed and women and Shudras were also given the right to wear Yagyopaveet and read the Vedas.

Additional Information

• Nanak -
  • He was the first Guru of the Sikhs. It was he who laid the foundation of Sikhism.
  • His followers address him by the names Nanak, Nanak Dev Ji, and Nankashah.
  • Guru Nanak Jayanti is celebrated as "Prakash Parva".
• ​Swami Vivekananda -
  • Swami Vivekananda was born on 12 January 1863 in Kolkata.
  • His childhood name was Narendra Dutt.
  • In Chicago, Swami Vivekananda had spread the spiritually-filled Indian Vedanta philosophy to the horizons of America and Europe.
• The book titled "Satyarth Prakash" composed by Swami Dayanand Saraswati is the original book of Arya Samaj.
• The motto of the Arya Samaj is - Krishnamanto Vishvamaryam, which means - Make the word Arya.

Key Points

• The civil Disobedience Movement was started by Mahatma Gandhi.
• The observance of Independence Day in 1930 was followed by the launching of the Civil Disobedience Movement under the leadership of Gandhi.
• It began with the famous Dandi March of Gandhi. On 12 March 1930, Gandhi left the Sabarmati Ashram at Ahmadabad on foot with 78 other members of the Ashram for Dandi, a village on the western sea-coast of India, at a distance of about 385 km from Ahmadabad.
• They reached Dandi on 6 April 1930. There, Gandhi broke the salt law.
• It was illegal for anyone to make salt as it was a government monopoly.
• Gandhi defied the government by picking up a handful of salt which had been formed by the evaporation of sea.
• The defiance of the salt law was followed by the spread of Civil Disobedience Movement all over the country.
• Making of salt spread throughout the country in the first phase of the civil disobedience movement, it became a symbol of the people’s defiance of the government.

Additional Information​

• It shattered people’s faith in the British Government and laid the social root for the freedom struggle, and popularised the new method of propaganda like the prabhat pheris, pamphlets etc.
• It ended the exploitative salt policy of British was followed by the defiance of forest law in Maharashtra, Karnataka and Central province and the refusal  to pay the rural ‘Chaukidari tax’ in Eastern India.

It was excavated by V.N. Misra in 1938-40 AD is not correct.

• Raid civilization: District - Tonk
  • It is situated on the bank of the Dheel river.
  • It was excavated by Kaidar Nath Puri in 1938-40 AD. 
  • It was an iron age civilization.
  • Gajmukhi Yaksha and Matradevi statues were also found there.
  • Asia's largest coin store was also found there.
  • It is also known as ancient India's Tatanagar.

Key Points

Additional Information

• V.N Misra:
  • In the year 1977, Misra founded a dedicated society for pre-historic studies.
  • He also started an international research journal, Man and Environment.
  • He was also awarded the prestigious VS Wakankar Award by the Madhya Pradesh State Government for his contribution to pre-history.
  • He excavated important archaeological sites such as Bhimbetka (a World Heritage site) and Balathal, among others.

The correct answer is 1526.

Key Points

• First Battle of Panipat( 1526)
  • The First Battle of Panipat was fought between the invading forces of Babur and the Lodi Empire, which took place on 21 April 1526 in North India.
  • Babur defeated Ibrahim Lodhi in this battle.
  • It marked the beginning of the Mughal Empire.
  • This was one of the earliest battles involving gunpowders firearms and field artillery.
• Second Battle of Panipat (1556)
  • The Second Battle of Panipat was fought between the forces of Samrat Hem Chandra Vikramaditya, popularly called Hemu, the Hindu king who was ruling North India from Delhi, and the army of Akbar, on November 5, 1556.
  • It was a decisive victory for Akbar’s generals Khan Zaman I and Bairam Khan.
• Third Battle of Panipat( 1761)
  • The Third Battle of Panipat took place on 14 January 1761, at Panipat, about 60 miles (95.5 km) north of Delhi.
  • It was fought between a northern expeditionary force of the Maratha Empire and a coalition of the King of Afghanistan, Ahmad Shah Durrani with two Indian Muslim allies—the Rohilla Afghans of the Doab, and Shuja-ud-Daula, the Nawab of Oudh.
  • The Durrani Afghan forces and their allies finally won and defeated the Marathas.