Computer Awareness Questions

The correct answer is the Date picker.

Key Points

• A Date picker is a mini-calendar from which data - entry clerks can enter a date.
• ​The date picker allows users to enter a date either through text input or by choosing a date from the calendar.
• The date picker is made up of several components, directives, and the date implementation module that work together.
• A data entry clerk is a member of staff employed to enter or update data into a computer system. Data is often entered into a computer from paper documents using a keyboard.

​Additional Information

The correct answer is Spreadsheet.

Important Points

• MS Excel, a worksheet, also known as a Spreadsheet, is a table into which you enter data and data label.
• Worksheet used in Excel documents is a collection of cells organized in rows and columns. It is the working surface you interact with to enter data.
• Each worksheet contains 1048576 rows and 16384 columns and serves as a giant table that allows you to organize information.
• Typically, a workbook contains several worksheets with related content and only one of the worksheets is active at a time.

Key Points

• The main characteristics of worksheets:
  • Cells: Each worksheet has a significant number of cells that can be assigned values and various formatting options.
  • Rows and Columns: Cells in a worksheet are organized into rows and columns. The API of a worksheet allows you to insert, manipulate and delete rows and columns.
  • Names (Named Ranges): The Worksheet class exposes a Names property of type NameCollection that allows you to create, update and manage names.
  • Collection of Hyperlinks: Each worksheet can contain numerous hyperlinks to web pages, particular cells in the workbook, or email addresses.
  • Find and Replace: You can easily find and replace text and numbers in the content of a worksheet.
  • Protection: You can restrict the user from modifying the content and structure of the worksheet.

Additional Information

The correct answer is Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP).

Key Points

• A network protocol is a set of rules that determine how data is transmitted between different devices in the same network.
• Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP) is an internet protocol that helps to send email between servers on the internet.
• SMTP is used as a message transfer agent.
• SMTP is an application layer protocol.
• It is always working on listening mode.
• It provides a set of codes that simplify the communication of email messages between email servers.
• The message can move in steps from one computer to its destination using the “store and forward” feature
• The Post Office Protocol (POP) is an Internet Protocol used by e-mail clients to retrieve e-mail from a mail server.

Additional Information 

• The examples of important internet protocols are:
  • HTTPS.
  • File Transfer Protocol.
  • Address Resolution Protocol.
  • Wireless Application Protocol.
  • POP3.
• Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) is the foundation of data communication for the world wide web.
  • It is a stateless protocol.
• Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) is a protocol designed to exchange routing and reachability information between autonomous systems (AS) on the Internet.
• Real-Time Protocol (RTP) is a protocol designed to handle real-time traffic (like audio and video) of the Internet.

The correct answer is Terabyte.

• Among the options, Terabyte represents the largest amount of data.

​Key Points

• The memory of a computer is usually measured in bytes.
• Tera-represents the fourth power of 1000.
• A Terabyte is more precisely defined as 1,024 gigabytes.
• 1 TB equals 1,024 gigabytes (GB).
• The storage capacity of a hard disc is measured in Megabytes, Gigabytes, and Terabytes.
   

Additional Information

• Bit is the smallest unit of memory.
• Bit is the short form of Binary digit.
• Half byte is known as nibble.
  • 1 Nibble = 4 bits.
  • 1 Byte = 8 bits.
  • 1 Kilobyte = 1024 Bytes.
  • 1 Megabyte = 1024 Kilobyte.
  • 1 Gigabyte = 1024 Megabyte.
  • 1 Terabyte = 1024 Gigabyte in binary or (1 Gb in decimal).

The correct answer is an operating system.

• Linux is an operating system.

Key Points

• Linux was created in 1991 by  Linus Torvalds and the Free Software Foundation (FSF).
  • It is an open-source Unix-like operating system.
  • An operating system help users interact with the computer.

Additional Information

• Machine language and Assembly language are an example of a low-level language.
  • Machine language is a low-level language that is comprised of binary digits i.e. ones and zeros. 
  • An assembly language is a language designed for a specific type of processor.

The correct answer is Write-Once Read-Many.

Key Points

• CDs are also known as WORM discs, for “Write Once Read Many.”
• A rewritable version based on excitable crystals and known as CD-RW was introduced in the mid-1990s.
• In computer storage media, WORM (write once, read many) is a data storage technology that allows information to be written to a disc a single time and prevents the drive from erasing the data.

Additional Information

Some important abbreviations used in Computer:

• BIOS - Basic Input Output System
• CAD - Computer-Aided Design
• EDVAC - Electronic Discrete Variable Automatic Calculator
• EPROM - Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory
• FORTRAN - FORmula TRANslation
• GPRS - General Packet Radio Service 

The correct answer is PDF.

Key Points

• Portable Document Format (PDF), standardized as ISO 32000, is a file format developed by Adobe in 1993 to present documents, including text formatting and images, in a manner independent of application software, hardware, and operating systems.
• Based on the PostScript language, each PDF file encapsulates a complete description of a fixed-layout flat document, including the text, fonts, vector graphics, raster images, and other information needed to display it. 

Additional Information

• DOC is the official document file used in Microsoft Word.
• A DOC file contains text, images, and graphs.
• It can be opened by many different programs and users can change printing options once it's opened.
• A TXT file is a standard text document that contains plain text.

The correct answer is SRAM.

​Key Points

• SRAM memory devices are very much similar, mainly in terms of speed, to the cache memory.
• SRAM stands for Static random-access memory.
• Static random-access memory is a type of random-access memory that uses latching circuitry to store each bit.
• SRAM is volatile memory; data is lost when power is removed.
• The term static differentiates SRAM from DRAM which must be periodically refreshed.

Additional Information

• Dynamic random access memory (DRAM) is a type of semiconductor memory that is typically used for the data or program code needed by a computer processor to function.
• Flash memory, also known as flash storage, is a type of nonvolatile memory that erases data in units called blocks and rewrites data at the byte level.
• EEPROM (electrically erasable programmable read-only memory) is user-modifiable read-only memory (ROM) that can be erased and reprogrammed (written to) repeatedly through the application of higher than normal electrical voltage.

The correct answer is Microcomputers.

Key Points

• Microcomputers generally have the least processing and storage capacity.
• A microcomputer is a complete computer on a small scale, designed for use by one person at a time.
• An antiquated term, a microcomputer is now primarily called a personal computer (PC), or a device based on a single-chip microprocessor.
• Common microcomputers include laptops and desktops.

Additional Information

• A mainframe computer informally called a mainframe or big iron is a computer used primarily by large organizations for critical applications, bulk data processing. 
• A supercomputer is a computer with a high level of performance as compared to a general-purpose computer. 
• A minicomputer is a type of computer that possesses most of the features and capabilities of a large computer but is smaller in physical size.

The correct answer is Kernel.

Key Points

• The first program loaded on start-up and manages computer system resources is Kernel.
• A kernel is the central part of an operating system.
• It manages the operations of the computer and the hardware, most notably memory and CPU time.
• There are five types of kernels:
  • A microkernel, which only contains basic functionality
  • A monolithic kernel, which contains many device drivers
  • Hybrid Kernel
  • Exokernel
  • Microkernel

Additional Information

• Resources under the Operating System control:
  • The processor.
  • Main memory.
  • Input/Output Device.
  • Secondary storage devices.
  • Communication devices and ports.