Question Discussion & Solution

The correct answer is Franciso de Almeida.

Key Points

• Franciso de Almeida introduced the Blue water policy (Cartaze System).
• “Blue Water” policy was to be powerful at the sea instead of building forts on Indian land.
• Hence the correct answer is Franciso de Almeida.

Additional Information 

• Portuguese power in India
  • In 1505 AD, Francisco de Almeida was appointed as the first Portuguese governor in India.
  • His policy being centric on controlling the Indian Ocean was known as the Blue Water Policy.
  • Alfonso de Albuquerque who replaced Almeida as the governor in 1509 AD, and captured Goa from the Sultan of Bijapur in 1510 AD is considered the real founder of the Portuguese power in India.
  • Goa subsequently became the headquarters of the Portuguese settlements in India.
  • Portuguese hold over the coastal areas and superiority in naval power helped them significantly.
  • By the end of the 16th century, the Portuguese captured not only Goa, Daman, Diu, and Salsette along the Indian coast.

The correct answer is Ranjeet Singh.

Key Points

• Ranjeet Singh-
  • He gave refuge to Yashwant Rao Holkar, so Lord Lack attacked Lohagarh Fort but Lord Lack did not succeed in this campaign.
  • He first made a subsidiary treaty with the British in Rajasthan.
  • This treaty was signed on 29 September 1803 AD.
  • He was the first king of Rajasthan who defeated the British army.

Key Points

Treaties/Agreements between British & Rajputana States

Important Points

• Badan Singh is known as the real founder of the Jat kingdom.
• Surajmal is known as Jat's Plato.

The correct answer is Quit India Movement.

Quit India Movement is also known as the August Movement.

• 8th August is observed as the anniversary of the Quit India Movement during the Indian Freedom Struggle.
• The Quit India Movement was launched by Mahatama Gandhiji during world war II on 8th August 1942 at the Bombay session of the All-India Congress Committee demanding an end to British Rule.
• The collapse of the Cripps Mission was the immediate cause of the Quit India Movement.
• The slogan for the Quit India Movement was "Do or Die".
• Non-cooperation Movement was started by Mahatma Gandhiji from 1920-1922.
  • It was started to induce the British Government to grant self-government or swaraj to India.

The following are the causes of the Non-Cooperation Movement:

• Jallianwala Bagh Massacre (1919).
• Rowlatt Act (1919).
• Khilafat Agitation.
• Not satisfied with the Montagu-Chelmsford Reforms.
  • Under the movement the British goods were boycotted, lawyers boycotted the court of law, legislative assemblies were boycotted and titles, honours, and honorary posts were surrendered by people.
  • The Non-cooperation movement was withdrawn by Mahatma Gandhiji due to the Chauri Chaura incident.

Salt Satyagraha is also known as Salt March, Dandi March, and Dandi Satyagraha.

• It was led by Mahatma Gandhiji from Sabarmati Ashram to Dandi in Gujarat.
• It was led from 12th March 1930 to 5th April 1930.
• Rajendra Prasad led salt satyagraha in Bhagalpur.
• Rajgopalachari led salt satyagraha in Tamilnadu.
• Khilafat Movement is also known as the Indian Muslim Movement.
  • The Khilafat Movement was led by Shaukat Ali, Maulana Mohammad Ali Jauhar, Hakim Ajmal Khan and Abdul Kalam Azad.
  • The Movement was led from 1919-1924.
  • In March 1919 the Khilafat Committee has formed in Bombay now Mumbai.

The correct answer is Salt Satyagraha.

Key Points

• Mahatma Gandhi sent an ultimatum to Viceroy Irwin stating eleven demands on 31 January 1930 and stated that if the demands were not fulfilled by 11 March, he would start a Civil disobedience campaign.
• On 12 March 1930, Mahatma Gandhi with his 78 volunteers started marching from Gandhiji's ashram in Sabarmati to Dandi.
• On 6 April, he reached Dandi and violated the Salt law, by manufacturing salt by boiling water.
• This movement thus marked the beginning of the Civil Disobedience Movement.

Hence, the correct answer is Salt Satyagraha.

Additional Information

• Khilafat Movement was led by the Ali brothers, Muhammad Ali and Shaukat Ali in India.
  • It was later united with the Non-Cooperation Movement.
• The Ghadar Movement was an early 20th century, international political movement founded by expatriate Indians to overthrow British rule in India.

The correct answer is Mumbai.

Key Points

• On 8 August 1942 at the All-India Congress Committee session in Bombay, Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi launched the 'Quit India' movement.
• The next day, Gandhi, Nehru, and many other leaders of the Indian National Congress were arrested by the British Government. 
• The Quit India Movement, also known as the August Movement, was a movement launched at the Bombay session of the All-India Congress Committee by Mahatma Gandhi during World War II, demanding an end to British rule in India.

Additional Information

• The slogan 'Quit India' was given by Yusuf Meherally.
• The viceroy during the Quit India movement was Lord Linlithgow.
• During the 'Quit India' movement, Mahatma Gandhi gave the slogan 'Do or Die'