Question Discussion & Solution

The correct answer is Gujarat

Key Points

• The British in 1882 prohibited Indians from collecting or selling salt, a staple in their diet, and called it as Salt Law.
• Defying the Salt Act, Gandhi simply made Indians break the British law nonviolently.
• The Salt Satyagraha (Dandi March), which took place from March to April 1930 in India.
• It was an act of civil disobedience led by M.K Gandhi to protest British rule in India.
• During the march, thousands of Indians followed Gandhi from his religious retreat near Ahmedabad (Gujarat).
• The march resulted in the arrest of nearly 60,000 people, including Gandhi himself.

Additional Information

• About Mahatma Gandhi:
  • Mahatma Gandhi (Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi) was born on October 2, 1869.
  • He died January 30, 1948, in Delhi, and the day is celebrated as Shaheed Diwas or Martyrs' Day.
• His autobiography is titled My Experiments with Truth.
• Other Important movements led by Mahatma Gandhi:
  • ​Champaran Movement (1917)
  • Kheda Movement (1918)
  • Khilafat Movement (1919)
  • Non Cooperation Movement (1920-22)
  • Quit India Movement (1942)

The correct answer is Annie Besant.

Key Points

• Annie Besant was selected as the first woman president of the Indian National Congress in 1917.
• She is popularly known as Annie Wood.
• She was a reputed theosophist, women's rights activist, writer, and orator.
• In 1916, along with Lokmanya Tilak, she launched the Home Rule League.
• She was declared a World Teacher after her lecture on Theosophy in 1926.
• She had founded the Central Hindu College in 1898 in Varanasi and this college was later gifted to Pandit Madan Mohan Malviya for the latter to get it converted into Banaras Hindu University.

Important Points

The correct answer is option 4, i.e. Lothal.

• Lothal was the first man-made port in the world and dockyard made of burnt bricks.
• It was discovered in 1953 by S.R. Rao.
• It is situated in Gujarat on the Bhogava river near the Gulf of Cambay.
• Mohanjedaro was excavated in 1922 by R.D. Banarjee. It is situated in the Larkana district in Sind on the right bank of river Indus (Now in Pakistan).
• The Great Granary, the Great Bath a piece of woven cotton, a bearded man in steatite and a bronze dancing girl are found from Mohanjedaro.
• Mohanjedaro is also known as ‘the mount of the dead’.

The correct answer is Chauri-Chaura.

Key Points

• Mahatma Gandhi had called Non-Cooperation Movement his ‘Himalayan Blunder' after the incident of Chauri Chaura.
• Chauri-Chaura:
  • Chauri Chaura is a town in the Gorakhpur district of Uttar Pradesh.
  • On 4th February 1922, this town witnessed a violent incident. A large crowd of peasants set on fire a police station that killed 22 policemen.
  • Due to this incident, Mahatma Gandhi called off the Non-Cooperation Movement (1920-22).
  • It involved the use of swadeshi and boycott of foreign goods, especially machine-made cloth, and legal, educational, and administrative institutions, "refusing to assist a ruler who misrules".

Additional Information

• Events and their respective years:-
  • ​Chauri-Chaura -  4th February, 1922. 
  • Kheda Satyagraha - 11th March 1918.
  • Nagpur Satyagraha - 1923.
  • Rajkot Satyagraha - 7th March 1939.

The correct answer is 1773.

• Regulating Act, 1773, legislation passed by the British Parliament for the regulation of the British East India Company’s Indian territories, mainly in Bengal.

Key Points

• It was the first intervention by the British government in the company’s territorial affairs and marked the beginning of a takeover process that was completed in 1858.
• The main provisions of the act were the appointment of the Governor-General of Fort William in Bengal with supervisory powers over the presidencies of Madras(now Chennai) and Bombay (now Mumbai).
• The Governor-General had a council of four and was given a casting vote but no veto.
• A Supreme court of four English judges was set up in Calcutta (now Kolkata).
• This act was amended and the government of India was recast by Prime Minister William Pitt’s India Act of 1784.